red base - painful, fever, malaise - can be asymptomatic

Male GU Flashcards by Gabby Needham

how many columns make up the shaft of the penis

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what forms the bulb of the penis

corpus spongiosum (contains urthera)

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what covers the glans

prepuce

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smegma

secretions of the glands

- can accumulate

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urtheral meatus

slit like opening

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primary drainage of penis

external inguinal nodes

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drainage of the scrotum

superficial inguinal nodes

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drainage of the testicles

renal veins

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low libido association

depression
endocrine
medication side effects

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what type of erection is extremely important

morning (testosterone levels highest in the am)

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work up for ED/LL

med revie/depression screening

- test, TSH, BMP, prolactin, LH

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HSV

red base

painful, fever, malaise
can be asymptomatic

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what causes syphilis

treponema pallidum

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appearance of syphillis

small, red, painless erosions

- raised borders

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treatment of syphyllis

spontaneously in 3-8 weeks

- can be deadly

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cause of warts

HPV 6 and 11

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warts symp/asymp?

usually asymptomatic

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epidermoid cysts

yellow/white dome-shaped papules

- occluded follicles

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appearance of fungal infections

moist, red, scaling

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work up for ulcerations

PCR

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phimosis

foreskin cant be retracted

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paraphimosis

foreskin cannot be returns after retracted

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hypospadias

congenital displacement of urethral opening on underside of penis

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uretheral displacements

subcoronal
mid shaft
penoscrotal

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yellow disharge

gonococcal urethritis

white/clear discharge

non-gonococcal (usually chlamidyia)

peyronie disease

palpable non tender plaque beneath skin of shaft | - crooked, painful erection

scrotom

sac

what covers the testes

tunica vaginalis

hydrocele

fluid collection surrounding testicle | - normal in firs year of life

if no transillumination

normal testis tumor hernia

spermatocele

accumulation in cystic like structure off head of epididymis | PAINLESS

varicocele

enlargement of veins in scrotum | - dull/heavy feeling

types of scrotal abcessess

superficial and intrascrotal

how to examine scrotal accesses

standing or sitting | - palpate 2 cm about testis

what happens to a varicocele when supine

collapses

causes of epididymitis

STIs trauma urine backflow viral/bacterial

torsion

sperm cord twists cutting of lood flow to testis

symptoms of torsion

sudden severe pain

phrens sign

lifting scrotum alleviates pain | ?differentiation between epid and torsion

risk factors for testicular cancer

``` crypto cancer in other testicle Caucasian 20-34, old microlithiasis ```

where does test cancer met to

lungs, spine, GI

tumor markers test cancer

AFP, BHCG, LDH

most common type of test cancer

germ cell tumor- seminoma

groin landmarks

anterior superior iliac spine, pubic tubercle and inguinal ligament

inguinal hernias

loops of bowel force way through weak areas of the inguinal canal

direct hernia

more common in men over 40 | - through weak spot in floor of inguinal canal

indirect hernia

most common | - through inguinal canal rings

femoral hernias

bowel protrudes through femoral canal

what type of hernia is more common in women

femoral

cryptorchidism

undescended testicle (could be in abdomen or inguinal canal)

complications of cryptorchidism

infertility and testicular cancer

retractile testes

normally descended testes that can be pulled into a suprascrotal position by the cremasteric reflex

what holds anus in closed position

voluntary external sphincter and involuntary internal sphincter

innervation of external sphincter

inferior rectal nerve | PUDENTAL

increased rectal tone

inflammation anxiety scarring

decreased rectal tone

neurologic disease- (S2-S4)

anorectal junction

boundary between somatic and visceral nerve supplies

location of prostate

anterior to rectal wall

anal fissures symptoms

pain with defaction

cause of anal fissures

trauma

common location of anal fissures

posterior midline | - if found elsewhere: HIV/AID, syph, chrons, anal carcinoma

pinworms

itching (more at night) | more common in younger (spread orally)

external hemorrhoids

dilated veins below pectinate line - asymptomatic - painful if thrombosed

internal hemorrhoids

enlargement of vasculature about pectinate line | - bright red blood

symptoms of BPH

``` dribbling nocturia change in stream/urgency sense of incomplete emptying incontinence ```

cause of prostatitis

bacteria virus injury immune

symp prostatitis

painful/diff with urination pain fever, night sweats, chills

risk factors for prostate cancer

age, ethnicity, fam history

recommended colon cancer screening

50-75