Cardio exam Flashcards

1
Q

class 1 murmur

A

can only be heard in a quiet room

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2
Q

class 2 murmur

A

soft, audible

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3
Q

class 3 murmur

A

loud

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4
Q

class 4 murmur

A

loud with thrill

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5
Q

class 5 murmur

A

loudest with stethoscope and thrill

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6
Q

class 6 murmur

A

can be heard without stethoscope on chest. thrill

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7
Q

systolic murmurs

A

SL stenosis

AV regurg

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8
Q

diastolic murmurs

A

AV stenosis

SL regurgitation

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9
Q

when is S1 heard

A

systole

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10
Q

where is s1 heard best

A

apex

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11
Q

when is s2 heard

A

diastole

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12
Q

where is s2 best heard

A

base

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13
Q

when is a split s2 heard

A

diastole after s2

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14
Q

where is a split s2 best heard

A

base

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15
Q

causes of split S2

A

physiologic with inspiration
RV overload
failure of the valves individually

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16
Q

when is S3 heard

A

early diastole after s2

17
Q

where is s3 best heard

A

apex along left sternal border

low pitched- kentucky

18
Q

causes of S3

A

rapid filling of blood into ventricle

  • physiologic if less than 30
  • CHF
  • HTN
  • constrictive pericarditis
19
Q

when is s4 heard

A

late diastole after s1

Tennessee

20
Q

causes of S4

A
atrial contraction into a stiffened ventricle
HTN
cardiomyopathy
AMI
AMR
AS
21
Q

cause of MVP

A

mitral regurgitation

22
Q

findings of MVP

A

non-ejection click
standing= early systole
squatting= late systole
imaging: billowing left leaflet

23
Q

findings with pericardial friction rub

A

rough, scratchy sound heard during inspiration (sitting up and leaning forward)

24
Q

where is a pericardial friction rub best heard

A

along left sternal border