Male Genital System Flashcards
Mention drugs which can exacerbate BPH symptoms
Testosterone, a-adrenergic agonists
Lsit side effects of tamsulosin
- Orthostatic hypotension with dizziness (minimal)
- Retrograde ejaculation but no effect libido
- Floopy iris syndrome esp tamsulosin
Desctibe mech of action amd uses of tadalafil
It is PDE5 inhibitor relax urinary smooth muscle amd bladder detrusor and therefore improve LUTS by inc conc of intracellular cGMP though NO pathway, ALSO inhibit PDE5 in cavernousal body thus mainatin VD.
Used in ED and pulmonary HTN & BPH
List side effects of tadalafil
- VD and hypotension used cautiously in cardiac patients and with nitrates
- Flushing, headache, nasal congestion, back pain
- Affect cardiac contractility (PDE1)
- Loss of G/B vision discrimination (PDE6)
Describe mech of action of tolterodine
M3 R blocker in bladder smooth muscle dec bladder smooth muscle contract.
The most seriois side effect of oxybutinien is…….
Side effect are dec by adding….
Acute urinary retention due to their effect on the bladder
Pilocarpine
Mirabegron is a……, its side effects include…….
B3 agonist
Headache, constipation, nasopharyngitis, HTN, tachycardia, UTI
Finasteride is a…….., its indications include……., a more potent member is……
5-a-reductase inhibitor
If prostate is more than 40 gm effects appear after 6 months
Dutasteride
Side effects of dutasteride include……
Impotence, dec libido and ejaculate volume and gynecomastia
Flutamide is a……..
Competetive inhibitors at androgen receptors
Describe role of phototherapy in treatment of BPH
- Inhibit 5-a-reducatse
- Anti-inflammatory and scavenges free radicals
- Protection of bladder and detrusor function
- Anti-androgenic effect
- Modulation of prolactin-induced prostate growth
Describe MOA, disadv & route of gonadoeelin
-It is GnRH analog given continuously to inhibit gonadotrophin release
-It causes an initial stimulation of androgen release
-Parenteral
List uses of GnRH analogs
- Cancer prostate
- Endometriostis
- IVF
List side effects of GnRH analog in males & females
Males: gynecomastia, breast tenderness, sexual dysfunction, dec muscle mass, depression, feminization, hepatotoxcity
Females: osteoporosis, vaginal dryness, hot flushes, ovarian cyst, CVS mortality, depression
Describe MOA, adv & side effects of Degarelix
-Irreversible inhibitor of GnRH receptor & inhibit release of gonadotrophind
-Not associated with initial stimualtion
-As GnRH analogs