Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANPH 424L > Male Anatomy Quiz > Flashcards

Male Anatomy Quiz Flashcards

1
Q

Sperm Transport

A

Seminiferous Tubules -> Rete Testis -> Vas Efferens -> Epididymis (Head->Body->Tail) -> Vas Deferens -> Urethra -> Female Tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Rat Sperm Head

A

Hooked at the top

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Cock Sperm Head

A

Long and pointed at the top

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sigmoid Flexure

A
  • present in species with a fibroelastic penis
  • extends during erection
  • species: bull, ram, and boar
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Bull Penis

A
  • Has a sigmoid flexure (extra portion inside that extends during erection)
  • Pendulous testicles
  • Epididymis is vertical and normally oriented
  • Fibroelastic penis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Ram Penis

A
  • similar to bull
  • has a sigmoid flexure (extra portion inside that extends during erection)
  • Pendulous Testicles
  • Epididymis is vertical and normally oriented
  • Fibroelastic penis
  • also has a sigmoid flexure on the glans penis that “sprays” the ejaculate (less volume that is more concentrated)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Boar Penis

A
  • Non-pendulous testicles: vertically oriented and inverted (tail of the epididymis is on the top close to the boar’s tail)
  • Corkscrew shaped glans penis to fit the corkscrew shaped cervix of the sow
  • prominent bulbourethral glands
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Stallion Penis

A
  • Vascular Penis (no sigmoid flexure)
  • Non-pendulous testicles (horizontal in orientation)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Scrotum

A
  • Two-lobed pouch that houses the testes
  • Physical barrier to the environment
  • Temperature regulation (MOST IMPORTANT** essential to spermatogenesis)
  • Movement
  • Concentric layers consisting of:
  • Skin
  • Tunica Dartos muscle
  • Fascia
  • Tunica Vaginalis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Spermatic Cord

A
  • houses lymphatics, vasculature, nerves, and the cremaster muscle
    * vasculature plays an essential role in heat exchange
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Testes

A
  • male gonads
  • function to produce male gametes (spermatozoa
  • produce male hormones (androgens *testosterone)
  • also involved in libido, male characteristics, and sperm production
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Testicular Descent

A
  • Important for proper development of spermatozoa and for temperature control
  • Occurs late in gestation
  • Steps:
    1) fusion of the peritoneum and gubernaculum
    2) rapid growth of the gubernaculum in the scrotum is the “force” that moves the testes into the inguinal canal
    3) regression (shrinking) of the gubernaculum then pulls the testes deeper into the scrotum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cryptorchidism

A
  • failure of one or both of the testes to descend into the scrotum (heritable trait)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Unilateral Cryptorchidism

A
  • one testis does not descend into the scrotum
  • the one that descends is fertile, however, reduced sperm concentrations usually result
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Bilateral Cryptorchidism

A
  • neither testis descend into the scrotum
  • results in sterility due to the elevated temperature
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How much cooler should the testes be than the body?

A

4-6 degrees Celsius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What type of situations elicit a response from the cremaster muscle to draw the testes up?

A

Fight or flight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pampiniform plexus

A
  • counter current heat exchange between artery (~39C) and veins (~33C)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Tunica dartos

A
  • smooth muscle layer that is able to stay contracted for long periods of time (ex: colder temps)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Sebaceous glands

A
  • secrete oily substance
  • evaporative cooling system
21
Q

Adipose tissue

A
  • fat
  • not extremely common
  • may be seen in stallions used in show industry
22
Q

Methods of Temperature Regulation in the Testis

A
  • pampiniform plexus
  • tunica dartos
  • sebaceous glands
  • adipose tissue
23
Q

Epididymis

A
  • highly convoluted duct attached to the tunica albuginea that functions in:
  • sperm transport
  • spermatozoa maturation
  • concentrations of spermatozoa
  • storage reservoir
24
Q

Three segments of the epididymis and what they do

A
  • Head (Caput) : contains the efferent ducts, fluid reabsorption
  • Body (Corpus) : maturation
  • Cauda (Tail) : storage
25
Q

Ampulla

A
  • enlargements of the vas deferens into the pelvic urethra
  • absent in boars
26
Q

Vesicular glands

A
  • produces a large portion of the ejaculate in bulls and rams
27
Q

Prostate

A
  • also known as the urethral glands
28
Q

Bulbourethral glands

A
  • produces the gel fraction
  • very prominent in boar
29
Q

What part of the penis is specialized in each species?

A

Glans penis (head of the penis)

30
Q

Corpus Cavernosum

A
  • majority of the interior penile shaft
  • erectile tissue (smooth muscle)
31
Q

Corpus Spongiosum

A
  • surrounds urethra
  • extends to gland
  • very prominent in stallion (belling)
32
Q

Retractor Penis Muscle

A
  • has contracted and relaxed states
  • when it is contracted the penis is retracted
33
Q

Ischiocavernosus Muscle

A
  • Inserts on crus penis
  • Important for erection (compresses crus penis)
  • presses down on penile veins
34
Q

Urethralis Muscle

A
  • striated muscle encapsulating the urethra
  • responsible for movement of seminal plasma and sperm
  • covers bulbourethral glands
35
Q

Bulbospongiosus Muscle

A
  • overlaps root of the penis
  • covers bulbourethral glands
36
Q

Fibroelastic Penis

A
  • composed of fibrous elastic type tissue that extends in length to create an erection rather than in diameter like the vascular type penis
37
Q

Vascular Penis

A
  • composed of corpus cavernosum (dorsal) and corpus spongiosum (ventral) erectile tissues
  • during an erection the corpus cavernosum and the corpus spongiosum fill with blood, causing the penis to become turgid/erect
38
Q

Spermatogenesis

A
  • formation of spermatozoa
    • seminiferous tubules
    • interstitial space
  • requires hormones
  • cell types
    • Peritubular myoid -> Leydig -> Sertoli -> Spermatogonia -> Spermatocytes -> Spermatids -> Spermatozoa
39
Q

FSH

A
  • binds to Sertoli cells
40
Q

LH

A
  • binds to Leydig cells
41
Q

Sertoli Cells

A
  • help “govern” spermatogenesis
  • located in the seminiferous tubule
  • FSH binds to receptors on this cells type
42
Q

Leydig Cells

A
  • produce testosterone
  • are located in the interstitial space
  • LH binds to them
43
Q

Peritubular Myoid Cells

A
  • smooth muscle cells that aid in contraction
44
Q

Sperm develop in the ____________ with direct interactions from the ____________.

A

seminiferous tubules ; Sertoli cells

45
Q

What are the most immature cell type in the development of sperm?

A

Spermatogonia

46
Q

What are the most mature cell type in the development of sperm?

A

round spermatid

47
Q

What is the completion of spermatogenesis is marked by what?

A

the release of mature sperm into the lumen of the tubule termed “spermiation”

48
Q

Anatomy of a spermatozoa from top to tail

A

1) Head: Acrosome -> apical ridge -> Equatorial segment
2) Neck
3) Mid-piece: outer dense fibers -> mitochondria
4) Principle piece: Myelin sheath
5) End piece

49
Q

“Normal” shaped sperm decreasing in size

A

Bull -> Boar -> Ram -> Stallion

ANPH 424L (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions