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ANPH 424L > Lab 1 Terms > Flashcards

Lab 1 Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Mucosa

A

secretory layer of epithelium surrounding the lumen

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2
Q

Submucosa

A

varies in thickness and houses the blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatics

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3
Q

Muscularis

A

comprised of circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers - discuss how each one contracts and relaxes to move oocytes, embryos, sperm, etc in female tract (synchronized squeezing and pushing)

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4
Q

Serosa

A

single layer of squamous cells that cover the reproductive tract

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5
Q

Broad ligament

A
  • supports and suspends tract
  • contains vascular supply, nerves, lymphatic drainage
  • composed of the mesometrium, mesosalpinx, mesovarium
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6
Q

Mesometrium

A

a segment of the broad ligament that supports the uterine body

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7
Q

Mesosalpinx

A

a segment of the broad ligament that supports the oviduct

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8
Q

Mesovarium

A

a segment of the broad ligament that supports the ovaries

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9
Q

Ovaries

A
  • Female Gonads
  • suspended by the mesovarium
  • shape dependent upon species
  • function:
  • produce female gametes
  • produce estrogen and progesterone
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10
Q

Cortex

A
  • houses oocytes (also where follicular development occurs)
  • in cattle, sheep, and pigs
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11
Q

Medulla

A
  • houses vascular, nerves, and lymphatics
  • in the horse it houses oocytes and is where follicular development occurs
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12
Q

Hilus

A
  • located at the base of the ovary
  • houses the lymphatic vessels and nerves that enter and leave the ovary
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13
Q

Tunica albuginea

A
  • outer connective tissue surface
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14
Q

Ovulation Fossa

A
  • specific location on the ovary of a mare where ovulation occurs
  • ovulation can occur anywhere on the cortex of other species
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15
Q

Sequence of development of ovarian structures

A

Primordial follicle (oocyte inside) -> primary follicle -> secondary follicle -> tertiary follicle (antrum develops) -> Graafian follicle -> ovulated oocyte -> corpus hemorrhagicum -> corpus lutem ->corpus albicans

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16
Q

Oviduct

A
  • ovary to uterine horn
  • supported by mesosalpinx
  • function:
  • ovum transport
  • sperm storage and capacitation
  • fertilization (AIJ)
  • early embryo development
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17
Q

Infundibulum

A
  • funnel-shaped opening or catcher’s mitt
  • the surface is coated with numerous velvety, finger-like projections called fimbriae
  • near the time of ovulations, the fimbriae increase in surface area and cause infundibulum to glide over the entire surface of the ovary (max the chance that it will “catch” the oocyte)
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18
Q

Ampulla

A
  • between the infundibulum and the isthmus
  • comprises 1/2 or more of the oviduct
19
Q

Isthmus

A
  • the portion directly connect to the uterus
  • smaller in diameter than the ampulla
20
Q

Uterotubal Junction

A
  • in the cow is thought to regulate the movement of the embryo into the uterus
21
Q

Uterus

A
  • Organ between the oviducts and the cervix
  • consists of a body and two horns (cornua)
  • cow, ewe, sow, and mare have bicornuate uteri
  • humans have simplex uteri (no horns)
  • Functions: sperm transport, luteolysis, control of cyclicity, embryo environment, maternal placenta, expulsion of fetus
22
Q

Cervix

A
  • located between the vagina and uterus
  • main function is to serve as a barrier to protect the uterine environment
  • functions: lubrication, flushing, barrier
  • species differences: annular rings (cow & ewe), corkscrew (sow), longitudinal folds (mare)
  • main determinant of how AI is conducted in each species
23
Q

Vagina

A
  • connects the cervix to the external genitalia and serves as the female copulatory organ
24
Q

Vulva

A
  • external tissue of the female reproductive tract, receives penis during copulation
25
Q

Squamous

A
  • flattened cells arranged in tightly packed layers
26
Q

Cuboidal

A
  • cube-shaped cells with a centered nucleus
27
Q

Columnar

A

rectangular, columnar or cylindrically shaped cells with a basal oval shaped nucleus

28
Q

Simple Squamous

A
  • a single layer of cells
  • male rete testis
  • blood vessels
29
Q

Stratified Squamous

A
  • multiple layers of cells
  • vagina
  • cervix
30
Q

Simple Cuboidal

A
  • rete testis
  • prostate
  • surface of ovary
  • serosa of oviduct
31
Q

Stratified Cuboidal

A
  • Mammary gland
  • Sweat gland
32
Q

Simple Columnar

A
  • rete testis
  • vas deferens
  • vesicular glands
33
Q

Stratified Columnar

A
  • urethra
34
Q

Pseudostratified Columnar

A
  • epididymis
  • vas deferens
  • ampulla
  • prostate
  • lining of uterus
35
Q

Ciliated Columnar

A
  • cervix
  • oviduct
36
Q

Luteogenesis

A
  • the formation of a corpus luteum
37
Q

Luteolysis

A
  • the regression of a corpus luteum
38
Q

Corpus Hemorrhagicum

A
  • newly ruptured follicle
  • essentially a blood clot
39
Q

Corpus Luteum (CL)

A
  • yellow structure
  • temporary endocrine gland (progesterone)
40
Q

Corpus Albicans (CA)

A
  • remains after CL regresses
41
Q

Endometrium

A

mucosa and submucosa

42
Q

Myometrium

A
  • muscularis ( both smooth muscle layers and vasculature)
43
Q

Perimetrium

A

serosa

ANPH 424L (7 decks)

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