Male Anatomy Flashcards
what vessel does the ureter cross over on way to bladder?
external iliac
what are the two portions of the ureter?
abdominal and pelvic portions
what vessel crosses over the abdominal ureter?
gonadal vessels
what four vessels supply the abdominal ureter/
renal
gonadal
aorta
common iliac
what two vessels supply the pelvic ureter?
internal iliac
vesical
what covers the bladder on the anterior surface?
peritoneum
what is just posterior to the bladder?
rectum
what is special about the space between the bladder and the rectum?
named the recovesical pouch and is the most inferior point in male abdominpelvic cavity…fluid will collect here
what is the muscle of the bladder called?
detrusor smooth muscle
where is the fundus of the bladder?
most posterior superior portion
where is the apex of the bladder?
most anterior superior portion
what are the seminal vesicles?
paired convoluted tubules that make 70% of seminal fluid
where are the seminal vesicles located?
on the inferior posterior aspect of the bladder
what do the seminal vesicles join with at the bladder/prostate jxn?
ductus deferens
when the seminal vesicle and the ductus deferens come together, what is this called?
the ejaculatory ducts
what does the ejaculatory duct pierce through?
the prostate
what bladder muscle contracts during ejaculation to prevent backflow?
internal urethral sphincter
what are the glands inferior to the prostate along the ejaculatory duct?
cowpers or bulbouretheral ducts
what do cowpers glands make?
alkaline mucus…called pre ejaculate
what surrounds the prostate gland?
a fibromuscular capsule
what does the prostate gland surround?
the urethra
where is the external urethral sphincter located?
at inferior most aspect of the prostate
name the three lobes of the prostate
anterior
posterior
middle
what lobe of prostate is felt on rectal exam?
posterior
what are the zones of the prostate gland?
transition
central
peripheral
what is in the central zone of the prostate?
surrounds the ejaculatroy duct
what is in the peripheral zone of the prostate?
inferior portion…includes the urethra
what is the name of the venous plexus in the prostate?
prostatic venous plexus
what does the prostatic venous plexus communicate with?
batsons plexus of vertebral column
name the three portions of the urethra
prostatic
membranous
spongy parts
what are the divisions of the spongy part of the urethra?
bulbous portion
penile portion
where is the membranous part of the urethra?
surrounded by the external urethral sphincter
what are the four main things in the spermatic cord/
ductus deferens
testicular artery
pampiniform plexus
lymphatics/autonomic nerves
what is main goal of the pampiniform plexus in the scrotum?
to surround and cool the testes
where does the right testiclar vein drain into?
right into the IVC
where does the left testicular vein drain into?
left renal vein
what is a varicocele?
venous drainage blocked from a testi
what side is more common to get varicocele? why?
left because of right angle drainage into left renal vein
what is the name of the tissue surrounding the testicle?
tunica albuginea
what is the testicle divided into? what is the role of these?
lots of semineferous tubules that make sperm
where do sperm go from the semineferous tubules?
into the epididymis
what are the three parts of the epididymis?
head body tail
which part of the epididymis feeds into ductus deferens?
tail
the internal iliac divides into what two thing?
an anterior and posterior portion
which part of the internal iliac supplies blood to the male repro area?
anterior portion of the internal iliac
name the 7 branches of the internal iliac anterior division?
obturator umbilical artery to ductus deferens inferior vesical middle rectal inferior gluteal internal pudendal
what is the umbilical/superior vesical artery from the anterior portion of the internal iliac?
it is a branch from the umbilical artery that becomes the medial umbilical ligament
what does the inferior vesical from the anterior internal iliac feed
urinary bladder and the prostate
what does the internal pudendal from the anterior internal iliac feed
perineum
what are the three branches of the pudendal artery?
inferior rectal
perineal artery
dorsal penile
what does the inferior rectal artery feed?
anal sphincter
what does the perineal artery feed?
perineal structures
what does the dorsal penile artery feed?
vascular supply to the penis
what is the main nerve to the perineum?
pudendal nerve
what are the three branches of the pudendal nerve?
inferior rectal nerve
perineal nerve
dorsal penile nerve
what sensation is perceived by the inferior rectal nerve?
external anal sphincter
what sensation is perceived by the perineal nerve?
posterior scrotum
what sensation is perceived by the dorsal penile nerve?
penis
where do sympathetic nerves of the pelvic organs originate from?
t10-L2
what is the pelvic plexur/inferior hypogastric plexus?
it is where the para and sympathetic nerves converge in the pelvic area
the inferior hypogastric plexus is divided into how many parts? name them
3…
prostatic
vesical and
rectal
what does the prostatic part of the inferior hypogastric send autonomic info to?
prostate and seminal vesicles
what does the vesical part of the inferior hypogastric send autonomic info to?
urinary bladder
what does the rectal part of the inferior hypogastric send autonomic info to?
rectum area
what covers the pelvic outlet?
pelvic diaphragm
what is below the pelvic outlet?
perineum…external genitalia
what are the divisions of the perineum?
urogenital triangle and the anal triangle
what are the two divisions of the penis?
root and body
the root of the penis is attached to what?
perineal membrane
what are the two parts of the root of the penis?
crura and bulb
what do the crura become near the pubic symphis?
corpus cavernosum
when the two corpus cavernosum fuse, what are they called?
corpora cavernosa
what muscle covers the crura?
ischiocavernosus
what muscle covers the bulb?
bulbospongiosus
what does the bulb become in the penis?
corpus spongiosum
what is the main erectile part of the penis?
corpora cavernosa
what leads to the head of the penis?
corpus spongiosum
what is the most superficial fascia of the penis?
dartos fascia
what is dartos fascia continuous with from the abdomen?
Scarpas fascia
what is the deep fascia of the penis called?
Bucks fascia
what does Bucks fascia surround?
all three corpora of the penis
what is the layer of penis fascia that is deep to Bucks fascia?
tunica albiginea
what does the tunica albuginea surround?
surrounds each individual corpus cavernosum
what artery supplies the deep structures of the penis?
deep penile arteries
what artery supplies the superficial structures of the penis?
dorsal penile artery
what vein drains the erectile portion of the penis?
deep dorsal vein
what does the deep dorsal vein of the penis join?
prostatic venous plexus
where does lymph from testes drain?
lumbar aortic nodes
where does lymph from the superficial perineum drain?
inguinal lymph nodes
where does lymph from the deep structures like erectile tissue drain?
iliac nodes
what nerves cause dilation of the deep penile arteries during erection?
cavernous nerves
what are the cavernous nerves an extension of?
pelvic splanchnic parasympathetic nerves
what is the superficial fascia of the perineum called?
colles fasciA
what is colles fascia an extension of?
scarpas fascia from the abdomen
what is the perineal membrane?
tough fibrous sheet that extends between the sichiopubic rami and is deep to colles fascia
what does the perineal membrane lie between?
superficial and deep perineal spaces
what mainly attaches to the perineal membrane?
platform for erectile tissues and muscles to attach to
name the three things in the superficial perineal space
bulb of penis
crura of penis
penis muscles
name the four things in the deep perineal space
membranous urethra
cowpers glands
branches of pudendal nerve
deep transverse perineal muscles
what is the nerve that gives sesnation to the anterior aspect of the scrotum?
ilioinguinal nerve
is erection under symp or parasymp control?
parasymp control
what two things happen in erection?
dilation of deep penile arteries and constriction of the erectile muscles to prevent venous outflow
what nerve innervates erectile muscles?
pudendal nerve
is emission under symp or parasymp control?
sympathetic
