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Repro Week 1 > Female Anatomy > Flashcards

Female Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two attachments of the inguinal ligament/

A

anterior superior iliac spine
and
pubic tubercle

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2
Q

where is the ischial spine?

A

triangular prominence in posteromedial part of ischium

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3
Q

what does the ischial spine divide?

A

greater and lesser sciatic notches

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4
Q

what is the ischial spine important for in surgery?

A

a pudendal nerve block

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5
Q

name the two muscles of the pelvic diaphragm?

A

levator ani and coccygeus

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6
Q

what does the pelvic diaphragm muscles attach to?

A

the arcus tendineus from the obturator fasci a

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7
Q

which of levator ani or coccygeus is bigger in pelvic diaphragm?

A

levator ani is main player

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8
Q

what nerve innervates the pelvic diaphragm?

A

pudendal nerve s2-4

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9
Q

name the three openings in the pelvic diaphragm

A

rectum, vagina, urethrea

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10
Q

what lies between the rectal opening and vaginal opening in the pelvic diaphragm?

A

perineal body

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11
Q

what is the perineal body really important?

A

maintaining integrity of pelvic diaphragm so if ruptured then you can have protrusion of organs

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12
Q

what is the uterus covered by from the abdominal cavity?

A

the peritoneum

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13
Q

what does the peritoneal covering of the uterus create around the uterus?

A

a recess anterior and posterior it

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14
Q

name the anterior recess of the uterus

A

vesicouterine pouch

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15
Q

name the posterior recess of the uterus

A

rectouterine pouch

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16
Q

what is another name for the rectouterine pouch?

A

pouch of douglas

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17
Q

what is endopelvic fascia?

A

spaces in pelvic cavity that are filled with loose connective tissue

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18
Q

what does endopelvic fascia help with?

A

supports organs and gives space for distension of argans

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19
Q

name the three spaces that have endopelvic fascia

A

retrorectal
retropubic
rectovaginal spaces

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20
Q

what are the three divisions of the posterior internal iliac?

A

iliolumbar
lateral sacral
superior gluteal

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21
Q

what artery mainly supplies the pelvic viscera in the female?

A

anterior internal iliac

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22
Q

what are the six divisions of the anterior internal iliac to know for repro

A 
superior vesical
uterine
vaginal
inferior vescical 
middle rectal
internal pudendal
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23
Q

what is the superior vesical artery?

A

it is the medial umbilical ligament

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24
Q

what does the uterine artery feed?

A

whole uterus

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25
what does he vaginal artery feed?
vagina and cervix
26
what does the inferior vesical artery feed in the female?
bladder
27
what does the middle rectal artery feed?
rectum
28
what does the internal pudendal feed in female?
perineum
29
what are the three branches of the internal pudendal artery in the female?
inferior rectal perineal artery dorsal clitoral
30
what does the dorsal clitoral artery supply in the female?
clitoris
31
aside from the pudendal nerve, what three other nerves provide sensation to the inferior abdominal wall or anterior perineum?
iliohypogastric nerve ilioinguinal nerve genital branch of genitofemoral
32
what is the main nerve of the perineum in females?
pudendal nerve
33
what is the roots of he pudendal nerve?
S2-4
34
what are the three branches of the pudendal nerve?
inferior rectal perineal dorsal clitoral
35
where does the perineal nerve provide a lot of sensation to?
the labial area
36
what is the name of the parasympathetics in the pelvic area?
pelvic splanchnics
37
what is the name of the sympathetics in the pelvic area?
just splanchnic nerves
38
in the female, what is the big plexus with somatic, para and symp nerves called?
inferior hypogastric plexus
39
name the three subdivisions of the inferior hypogastric plexus in the female?
vesical | uterovaginal and rectal
40
what senses pain in the uterus, para symp or visceral?
visceral nerves
41
visceral nerves that sense pain in the uterus travel along what other nerve type?
travel with sympathetics or parasympathetics back to SC ...depends on location in uterus
42
the fundus and body of the uterus conveys pain along sympa or parasympa nerves? what spinal level is this?
sympathetic...T10-L2
43
the cervix and upper vagina conveys pain along sympa or parasympa nerves? what spinal level is this?
parasympathetic...S2-4
44
name the four parts of the uterus from top to bottom
fundus body isthmus cervix
45
what are the two parts of the cervix?
suprvaginal | vaginal
46
what is the superior entrance to the cervix called?
internal os
47
what is the inferior entrance to the cervix called?
eternal os
48
what ligament does the uterine artery pass through on the way to the uterus?
cardinal ligament
49
aside from the uterine artery, what two other arteries give some supply to the uterine?
ovarian and vaginal artery
50
what is the anastomisis between in the female uterus?
uterine artery and ovarian artery
51
what is the anastomosis btw the uterine and ovarian artery called?
sampsons artery
52
ovarian arteries are branches from what?
abdominal aorta
53
what ligament covers the ovarian artery vein and nerves?
infudibulopelvic ligament (IP)
54
what is the IP ligament formed from?
fold of peritoneum
55
what ligament attaches the ovary and uterus?
ligament of ovary
56
name the five parts of the fallopian tubes
``` uterine isthmus ampulla infundibulum fimbriae ```
57
what portion of fallopian tube does fertilization usually occur?
ampulla
58
name the two arteries that supply the fallopian tubes
uterine and ovarian arteries
59
name the two ligaments that start at body of uterus
round ligament and broad ligament
60
where do the round ligaments go from the body of the uterus?
through the deep inguinal canal and insert on labia majoria in the perineum
61
what is the broad ligament made of?
double fold of peritoneum
62
what are the three parts of the broad ligament?
mesosalpinx mesovarium mesumetrium
63
what does the mesosalpinx portion of the broad ligament cover?
fallopian tubes
64
name the two ligaments that originate from the cervix of the uterus
uterosacral and transverse cervical
65
what does the uterosacral ligament attach the uterus to?
the sacrum
66
what is another name of the transverse cervical ligament?
cardinal ligaments
67
what does the cardinal ligament attach the cervix to?
pelvic side walls
68
what traverses inside the transverse (cardinal) ligaments?
uterine artery
69
what passes under the cardinal ligament that is an important structure?
ureter
70
what are the two fornixes of the vagina?
anterior and posterior
71
where does the posterior fornix of the vagine sit just below?
pouch of douglas
72
where does the majority of the pelvic organs drain lymph?
into internal iliac vessels/nodes that go to common iliac and then para aortic nodes
73
where do the ovaries drain lymp?
directly into para aortic nodes
74
lymph from the superficial perineal region goes where?
superficial inguinal nodes
75
lymph from the deep perineal structures goes where?
internal iliac nodes
76
where does lymph from the glans of the clitoris/penis go?
deep inguinal nodes
77
what is the mons pubis?
superficial mond of fatty tissue that is anterior to vagina
78
what is mons pubis continuous with from abdomen?
campers fascia
79
what does the mons pubis lie anterior to/
pubic symphis
80
what forms the prepuce of the clitoris?
fusion of labia minora
81
what are vestibular bulbs in females?
thee are elongated masses of erectile tissue on each side of vaginal orifice
82
what is covering of the vestibular bulbs in female?
have muscle over them called the bulbospongiosus
83
what is scarpas fascia from the abdomen called in female perineum?
Colles fascia
84
what does the perineal membrane rest between laterally?
between the ischiopubic rami
85
what are the two spaces the perinal membrane makes?
superficial and deep perineal spaces
86
name the things in the superficial perineal space
bulbospongiosus muscles perineal body branches of pudendal nerves and arteries vestibular bulbs and clitoris
87
name the things in the deep perineal space
membranous urethra and external sphincter continuation of perineal body and some more musculature
88
what are the ischioanal fossae?
paired wedge shaped spaces on both sides of the anal canal
89
what important nerve and vessles traverse these ischioanal fossae?
pudendal nerve and internal pudendal vessels
90
are the ischioanal fossae superficial or deep to perineal membrane?
deep
91
what is the pudendal canal or alcocks canal?
this is lateral portion of the ischioanal fossae where the pudendal nerve and vessels course on way to perineum

Repro Week 1 (5 decks)

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