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Repro Week 1 > Female Anatomy > Flashcards

Female Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

what are the two attachments of the inguinal ligament/

A

anterior superior iliac spine
and
pubic tubercle

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2
Q

where is the ischial spine?

A

triangular prominence in posteromedial part of ischium

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3
Q

what does the ischial spine divide?

A

greater and lesser sciatic notches

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4
Q

what is the ischial spine important for in surgery?

A

a pudendal nerve block

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5
Q

name the two muscles of the pelvic diaphragm?

A

levator ani and coccygeus

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6
Q

what does the pelvic diaphragm muscles attach to?

A

the arcus tendineus from the obturator fasci a

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7
Q

which of levator ani or coccygeus is bigger in pelvic diaphragm?

A

levator ani is main player

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8
Q

what nerve innervates the pelvic diaphragm?

A

pudendal nerve s2-4

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9
Q

name the three openings in the pelvic diaphragm

A

rectum, vagina, urethrea

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10
Q

what lies between the rectal opening and vaginal opening in the pelvic diaphragm?

A

perineal body

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11
Q

what is the perineal body really important?

A

maintaining integrity of pelvic diaphragm so if ruptured then you can have protrusion of organs

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12
Q

what is the uterus covered by from the abdominal cavity?

A

the peritoneum

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13
Q

what does the peritoneal covering of the uterus create around the uterus?

A

a recess anterior and posterior it

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14
Q

name the anterior recess of the uterus

A

vesicouterine pouch

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15
Q

name the posterior recess of the uterus

A

rectouterine pouch

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16
Q

what is another name for the rectouterine pouch?

A

pouch of douglas

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17
Q

what is endopelvic fascia?

A

spaces in pelvic cavity that are filled with loose connective tissue

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18
Q

what does endopelvic fascia help with?

A

supports organs and gives space for distension of argans

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19
Q

name the three spaces that have endopelvic fascia

A

retrorectal
retropubic
rectovaginal spaces

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20
Q

what are the three divisions of the posterior internal iliac?

A

iliolumbar
lateral sacral
superior gluteal

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21
Q

what artery mainly supplies the pelvic viscera in the female?

A

anterior internal iliac

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22
Q

what are the six divisions of the anterior internal iliac to know for repro

A 
superior vesical
uterine
vaginal
inferior vescical 
middle rectal
internal pudendal
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23
Q

what is the superior vesical artery?

A

it is the medial umbilical ligament

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24
Q

what does the uterine artery feed?

A

whole uterus

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25
Q

what does he vaginal artery feed?

A

vagina and cervix

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26
Q

what does the inferior vesical artery feed in the female?

A

bladder

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27
Q

what does the middle rectal artery feed?

A

rectum

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28
Q

what does the internal pudendal feed in female?

A

perineum

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29
Q

what are the three branches of the internal pudendal artery in the female?

A

inferior rectal
perineal artery
dorsal clitoral

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30
Q

what does the dorsal clitoral artery supply in the female?

A

clitoris

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31
Q

aside from the pudendal nerve, what three other nerves provide sensation to the inferior abdominal wall or anterior perineum?

A

iliohypogastric nerve
ilioinguinal nerve
genital branch of genitofemoral

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32
Q

what is the main nerve of the perineum in females?

A

pudendal nerve

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33
Q

what is the roots of he pudendal nerve?

A

S2-4

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34
Q

what are the three branches of the pudendal nerve?

A

inferior rectal
perineal
dorsal clitoral

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35
Q

where does the perineal nerve provide a lot of sensation to?

A

the labial area

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36
Q

what is the name of the parasympathetics in the pelvic area?

A

pelvic splanchnics

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37
Q

what is the name of the sympathetics in the pelvic area?

A

just splanchnic nerves

38
Q

in the female, what is the big plexus with somatic, para and symp nerves called?

A

inferior hypogastric plexus

39
Q

name the three subdivisions of the inferior hypogastric plexus in the female?

A

vesical

uterovaginal and rectal

40
Q

what senses pain in the uterus, para symp or visceral?

A

visceral nerves

41
Q

visceral nerves that sense pain in the uterus travel along what other nerve type?

A

travel with sympathetics or parasympathetics back to SC …depends on location in uterus

42
Q

the fundus and body of the uterus conveys pain along sympa or parasympa nerves? what spinal level is this?

A

sympathetic…T10-L2

43
Q

the cervix and upper vagina conveys pain along sympa or parasympa nerves? what spinal level is this?

A

parasympathetic…S2-4

44
Q

name the four parts of the uterus from top to bottom

A

fundus
body
isthmus
cervix

45
Q

what are the two parts of the cervix?

A

suprvaginal

vaginal

46
Q

what is the superior entrance to the cervix called?

A

internal os

47
Q

what is the inferior entrance to the cervix called?

A

eternal os

48
Q

what ligament does the uterine artery pass through on the way to the uterus?

A

cardinal ligament

49
Q

aside from the uterine artery, what two other arteries give some supply to the uterine?

A

ovarian and vaginal artery

50
Q

what is the anastomisis between in the female uterus?

A

uterine artery and ovarian artery

51
Q

what is the anastomosis btw the uterine and ovarian artery called?

A

sampsons artery

52
Q

ovarian arteries are branches from what?

A

abdominal aorta

53
Q

what ligament covers the ovarian artery vein and nerves?

A

infudibulopelvic ligament (IP)

54
Q

what is the IP ligament formed from?

A

fold of peritoneum

55
Q

what ligament attaches the ovary and uterus?

A

ligament of ovary

56
Q

name the five parts of the fallopian tubes

A 
uterine
isthmus
ampulla
infundibulum
fimbriae
57
Q

what portion of fallopian tube does fertilization usually occur?

A

ampulla

58
Q

name the two arteries that supply the fallopian tubes

A

uterine and ovarian arteries

59
Q

name the two ligaments that start at body of uterus

A

round ligament and broad ligament

60
Q

where do the round ligaments go from the body of the uterus?

A

through the deep inguinal canal and insert on labia majoria in the perineum

61
Q

what is the broad ligament made of?

A

double fold of peritoneum

62
Q

what are the three parts of the broad ligament?

A

mesosalpinx
mesovarium
mesumetrium

63
Q

what does the mesosalpinx portion of the broad ligament cover?

A

fallopian tubes

64
Q

name the two ligaments that originate from the cervix of the uterus

A

uterosacral and transverse cervical

65
Q

what does the uterosacral ligament attach the uterus to?

A

the sacrum

66
Q

what is another name of the transverse cervical ligament?

A

cardinal ligaments

67
Q

what does the cardinal ligament attach the cervix to?

A

pelvic side walls

68
Q

what traverses inside the transverse (cardinal) ligaments?

A

uterine artery

69
Q

what passes under the cardinal ligament that is an important structure?

A

ureter

70
Q

what are the two fornixes of the vagina?

A

anterior and posterior

71
Q

where does the posterior fornix of the vagine sit just below?

A

pouch of douglas

72
Q

where does the majority of the pelvic organs drain lymph?

A

into internal iliac vessels/nodes that go to common iliac and then para aortic nodes

73
Q

where do the ovaries drain lymp?

A

directly into para aortic nodes

74
Q

lymph from the superficial perineal region goes where?

A

superficial inguinal nodes

75
Q

lymph from the deep perineal structures goes where?

A

internal iliac nodes

76
Q

where does lymph from the glans of the clitoris/penis go?

A

deep inguinal nodes

77
Q

what is the mons pubis?

A

superficial mond of fatty tissue that is anterior to vagina

78
Q

what is mons pubis continuous with from abdomen?

A

campers fascia

79
Q

what does the mons pubis lie anterior to/

A

pubic symphis

80
Q

what forms the prepuce of the clitoris?

A

fusion of labia minora

81
Q

what are vestibular bulbs in females?

A

thee are elongated masses of erectile tissue on each side of vaginal orifice

82
Q

what is covering of the vestibular bulbs in female?

A

have muscle over them called the bulbospongiosus

83
Q

what is scarpas fascia from the abdomen called in female perineum?

A

Colles fascia

84
Q

what does the perineal membrane rest between laterally?

A

between the ischiopubic rami

85
Q

what are the two spaces the perinal membrane makes?

A

superficial and deep perineal spaces

86
Q

name the things in the superficial perineal space

A

bulbospongiosus muscles
perineal body
branches of pudendal nerves and arteries
vestibular bulbs and clitoris

87
Q

name the things in the deep perineal space

A

membranous urethra and external sphincter
continuation of perineal body
and
some more musculature

88
Q

what are the ischioanal fossae?

A

paired wedge shaped spaces on both sides of the anal canal

89
Q

what important nerve and vessles traverse these ischioanal fossae?

A

pudendal nerve and internal pudendal vessels

90
Q

are the ischioanal fossae superficial or deep to perineal membrane?

A

deep

91
Q

what is the pudendal canal or alcocks canal?

A

this is lateral portion of the ischioanal fossae where the pudendal nerve and vessels course on way to perineum

Repro Week 1 (5 decks)

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