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Repro Week 1 > Endocrine of Reproduction > Flashcards

Endocrine of Reproduction Flashcards

1
Q

what is day 1-5 of menstrual cycle?

A

bleeding

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2
Q

what is day 6-14 of menstrual cycle?

A

follicular/proliferative phase

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3
Q

what happens in follicular phase?

A

growth and maturation of follicles and proliferation of the endometrial lining

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4
Q

what hormone dominates in follicular phase

A

estrogen

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5
Q

what is day 14-15 of menstrual cycle?

A

ovulation

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6
Q

what is day 15-28 of menstrual cycle?

A

luteal/secretory

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7
Q

what happens in luteal/secretory phase?

A

follicle remnants changes to corpus luteum

endometrial lining develops secretory glands

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8
Q

what hormone dominates luteal phase of menstruation cycle

A

progesterone

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9
Q

what hormone stimulates LH and FSH production?

A

GnRH

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10
Q

during ovulation, what is favored by GnRH pulses, LH or FSH release?

A

LH

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11
Q

during follicular phase, what is favored by GnRH pulses, LH or FSH release?

A

FSH

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12
Q

what hormone peaks in ovulation?

A

estrogen

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13
Q

what happens to remnants of follicle after ovulation?

A

it will degenerate into corpus luteum

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14
Q

is FSH high or low in the luteal phase?

A

low

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15
Q

why is FSH low in luteal phase?

A

because estrogen, progesterone and inhibin all can inhibit its release

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16
Q

when follicles begin to grow, what receptor do they begin to increase?

A

FSH receptor

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17
Q

how do granulosa cells make estrogen?

A

well they cannot on their own…theca cells take up cholesterol and make androgens that are transported to granulosa to turn into estrogen

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18
Q

what hormone is in charge of thickening the endometrium?

A

estrogen

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19
Q

what hormone is in charge of stabilizing the endometrium?

A

progesterone

20
Q

a dominant follicle i the end of the follicular phase produces lots of estrogen, what does this cause with other follicles/

A

they become atretic and back to good old eggs

21
Q

in late follicular phase, what receptors do granulosa cells express?

A

both LH and FSH receptors

22
Q

in the late follicular phase, what does LH receptor allow granulosa cell to do?

A

convert cholesterol into progesterone

23
Q

what hormone do granulosa cells start to release at end of follicular phase?

A

inhibin

24
Q

at end of follicular phase, what hormone causes the surge in LH?

A

estrogen peaks and causes a peak in LH…this is positive feedback to level of hypothalamus

25
Q

the peak in LH causes what in menstruation cycle?

A

ovulation

26
Q

what cells form the corpus luteum?

A

granulosa and theca cells of the follicle

27
Q

what is mittelschmerz?

A

medical pain for ovulation pain

28
Q

do theca cells respond to LH or FSH?

A

LH

29
Q

do granulosa cells respond to LH or FSH?

A

FSH

30
Q

what three things does corpus luteum produce in luteal phase?

A

progest
estrogen
inhibin

31
Q

what does progest estrogen and inhibin cause with FSH and LH secretion in mid luteal phase?

A

it inhibits their release

32
Q

what is corpus luteum dependent on to maintain integrity during luteal phase?

A

needs LH

33
Q

what rescues the corpus luteum in pregnancy?

A

hCG

34
Q

as corpus luteum fails, progest and estrogen decline, this leads to an increase in what hormone?

A

FSH

35
Q

the decline in progest and estrogen at end luteal phase leads to what with endometrium?

A

shedding

36
Q

what hormone is hCG very similar to?

A

LH

37
Q

what does high estrogen cause in cervical mucus at end of prolifeative phase?

A

high estrogen leads to production of watery/elastic cervical mucus

38
Q

what does high progesterone cause in cervical mucus at secretory phase?

A

makes cervical mucus scant and thick

39
Q

what does progesterone do to body temperature?

A

it will increase the temperature when it peaks

40
Q

what cells do LH target in males?

A

leydig

41
Q

what cells do FSH target in males?

A

sertoli cells

42
Q

what is another name for the sertoli cells?

A

nurse cells

43
Q

what cell in males make testosterone?

A

leydig cells

44
Q

where does leydig cells transfer the testosterone to?

A

to the sertoli cells

45
Q

what is on sertoli cells that helps uptake of testosterone?

A

androgen binding protein

46
Q

what can sertoli cells not do?

A

they cannot produce testosterone

47
Q

what does FSH cause in sertoli cells?

A

increase androgen binding protein production

Repro Week 1 (5 decks)

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