Malaria + EBV + HIV Flashcards
What is Malaria?
Notifibale Protozoal Infection
What Is it carried by and caused by?
Female anopheles mosquitos carry plasmodium Falciparum/ Ovale/ Vivax/ malariae (many diff species but 5 cause malaria)
Which is the worse infection?
Plasmodium Falciparum
Where and who is it most common in?
In africa, very young/old
Pregnant woman
Pathology of malaria
Sporozoites (plasmodium in stage if development) in mosquitos saliva inoculate in human host
Multiply in hepatocytes as merozoites
(P.Vivax + Ovale go dormant as hypnozoites)
(P. Falciparum, malariae and Knowlesi multiply and form merozoites)
Then into RBCs; Merozoites –> Trophozoites (invade RBCs) –> Schizont (grows by digesting Hb - replicating) –> Mew merozoites
RBCs repture + cause systemic infection
what do we consider Malaria as in?
A differential diagnosis in ferverish patient with recent travel history
In Children with convulsions (60-80%), high ICP and hypoglycaemia, what should we rule out? How?
Meningitis - examination
CSF analysis (if no high ICP)
Symptoms of Malaria?
Fever + exotic travel, Haemolytic anemia, BLACKWATER FEVER (malarial hameoglobinuria), hepatosplenomegaly (massive)
Diagnosis?
Test and result?
Blood smear/film
Thick - malaria?
Thin species?
need 3 separate negative readings before declared negative (like TB)
Treatment for Malaria
Quinine + Doxycyclin (anti malarial)
or artesunate IV if severe
SE of quinine?
hypoglycaemia
What is EBV associated with?
Many other conditions: Hodgekins, Burkitts, nasopharyngeal carcinoma
What is EBV associated with?
Many other conditions: Hodgekins, Burkitts, nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Typical Px?
How is it spread?
15-24y/o
Saliva or bodily fluids
What does EBV affect?
B cells in tonsils