Haemolytic disease of newborn

Question 1

What is haemolytic disease of newborn?

Answer 1

T2 Hypersensitivity
Rh -ve mums blood creates IgG vs Rh +ve baby - erythroblastosis + hydros fetalis

Question 2

what antigens are found in blood?

Answer 2

ABO
Rhesus

Question 3

ABO vs Rhesus Ab
made of?
produced where?
cross placenta?

Answer 3

ABO:
-Carbohydrates
-Produced in spleen
-Cannot cross placenta
AB = No anti-ABs
O = A+B anti AB

Rhesus:
-Peptides
-Can cross placenta
+ve = D antigen present
-ve = C/E antigen - produces anti D Ab

Question 4

Sx of haemolytic disease of newborn?

Answer 4

Neonatal jaundice

erythroblastosis fetalis (high RBC produced due to maternal haemolysis)

Hydrops fetalis (pulmonary and portal htn leading to systemic overload therefore oedema)

ascites, yellow amniotic fluid

Question 5

Dx of haemolytic disease of newborn?

Answer 5

COOMBS +VE
Kleihauser +ve

Question 6

Tx of haemolytic disease of newborn?

Answer 6

Prevention
RhoGAM 28w + 34w in first pregnancy

Supportive + phototherapy for baby