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TropMed > Malaria > Flashcards

Malaria Flashcards

1
Q

Etio Malaria

A

Plasmodium

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2
Q

Vektor Malaria

A

Nyamuk anopheles

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3
Q

Klinis Malaria

A

Trias Malaria: Demam, menggigil, berkeringat dingin

+ Riwayat berpergian ke daerah endemis (NTT, NTB, Papua)

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4
Q

PP Malaria

A

Sediaan Apusan Darah Tepi (tebal/tipis)
Tebal → u/ dx
Tipis → u/ jenis plasmodium

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5
Q

Jenis Plasmodium Berdasarkan Eritrosit (2)

A

Eritrosit Tetap
Eritrosit Membesar

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6
Q

Jenis Plasmodium: Eritrosit Tetap

A

Falciparum
Malariae

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7
Q

Jenis Plasmodium: Eritrosit Membesar

A

Ovale → Comet Shape/Fimbrae
Vivax

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8
Q

Jenis Plasmodium Berdasarkan Nama Lain

A

FaTro Falciparum Tropikana

ViOTer Vivax Ovale Tertiana

MaKu Malariae Kuartana

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9
Q

Jenis Plasmodium Berdasarkan Jenis Dot

A

Faling Mantap = Falciparum Maurer dots

Vas Sakit = Vivax Schuffner dots

Obatnya Janda = Ovale James dots

Muda Zeksi = Malariae Ziemann dots

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10
Q

Nama Lain Malaria Falciparum

A

Malaria Tropicana

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11
Q

Pola Demam Malaria Falciparum

A

Tidak menentu

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12
Q

Eritrosit Malaria Falciparum

A

Membesar (-)

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13
Q

Tanda Khas Malaria Falciparum

A

Maurer Dots

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14
Q

Trofozoit Malaria Falciparum

A

Ring form, accole, headphone, marginal/applique

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15
Q

Gametosit Malaria Falciparum

A

Banana/crescent/sausage shaped

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16
Q

Nama Lain Malaria Vivax

A

Malaria Tertiana → demam setiap hari ke-3

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17
Q

Pola Demam Malaria Vivax

A

2 hari bebas demam

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18
Q

Eritrosit Malaria Vivax

A

Membesar (+)

19
Q

Tanda Khas Malaria Vivax

A

Schuffner dots

20
Q

Trofozoit Malaria Vivax

A

Amoeboid, ringform

21
Q

Nama Lain Malaria Ovale

A

Malaria Tertiana → demam setiap hari ke-3

22
Q

Pola Demam Malaria Ovale

A

2 hari bebas demam

23
Q

Eritrosit Malaria Ovale

A

Membesar (+) → Comet shape/Fimbrae

24
Q

Tanda Khas Malaria Ovale

A

James dots

25
Q

Nama Lain Malaria Malariae

A

Malaria Kuartana → demam setiap hari ke-4

26
Q

Pola Demam Malaria Malariae

A

3 hari bebas demam

27
Q

Eritrosit Malaria Malariae

A

Membesar (-)

28
Q

Tanda Khas Malaria Malariae

A

Ziemann dots

29
Q

Trofozoit Malaria Malariae

A

Rectangular shape
Band form
Basket form

30
Q

Gametosit Malaria Malariae

A

Titik kasar pada sitoplasma → Rosette → Skizont

31
Q

Tx Malaria

A

Obat malaria → iritasi lambung → sesudah makan

32
Q

Tx Malaria Non Komplikasi

A

ACT = Artemisin Combination Therapy
→
DHP = Dihidroartemisinin-Piperakuin
→ DHA 40 mg + Piperakuin 320 mg = DHP tab 360 mg

+/- Primakuin tab 15 mg

33
Q

Tx Malaria Non Komplikasi Lini I

A
  • Falciparum: DHP 3 hari + Primakuin 1 hari
  • Vivax/Ovale: DHP 3 hari + Primakuin 14 hari u/ bunuh stadium hipnozoid
  • Malariae: DHP 3 hari
34
Q

Tx Malaria Non Komplikasi Lini II

A
  • Falciparum: Kina + Doxy/Tetra → 7 hari + Primakuin 1 hari
  • Vivax/Ovale: Kina + Doxy/Tetra → 7 hari + Primakuin 14 hari
  • Malariae: Kina + Doxy/Tetra 7 hari

DHP 3 hari diganti Kina + Doxy/Tetra 7 hari

Kina 3x10 mg/kgBB

Doksisiklin
Dewasa 2x3,5 mg/kgBB
8-14 tahun 2x2,2 mg/kgBB

Tetrasiklin 4x4-5 mg/kgBB

35
Q

Tx Malaria Bumil

A

KI: Primakuin, tetrasiklin, doksisiklin

  1. DHP 3 hari
    ATAU
  2. Kina + Klindamisin → 7 hari

Kina 3x10 mg/kgBB
Klindamisin 2x10 mg/kgBB

36
Q

Malaria Berat/Komplikasi

A

Paling sering falciparum

P enurunan Kesadaran → Malaria Serebral
A sidosis Laktat
K ejang → Malaria Serebral
E dema Paru

G agal Ginjal Akut
A nemia berat (Hb<9)
S yok → Malaria Algid

H2
Hipoglikemia
Hemoglobinuria → Black Water Fever

37
Q

Tx Malaria Berat/Komplikasi Lini 1

A

Artesunat 2,4 mg/kgBB IV/IM (jam 0, 12, 24) → setiap 24 jam s/d mampu PO

Artesunat vial 60 mg + pelarut (Na bikarbonat 5%) = Sodium Artesunat 1 ml

Sodium Artesunat 1 ml + D5%/NaCl 0,9% 5 ml = 60 mg/6 ml (10 mg/ml)

38
Q

Tx Malaria Berat/Komplikasi Lini 2

A

Artemeter 3,2 mg/kgBB IM

39
Q

Profilaksis Malaria

A

FR (+), sakit (-)
Tergantung lokasi

40
Q

Profilaksis Malaria Sensitif Klorokuin

A

Klorokuin 300 mg/minggu (1 minggu sebelum, selama, 4 minggu sesudah)

41
Q

Profilaksis Malaria Resisten Klorokuin

A

Doksisiklin 100 mg/hari (2 hari sebelum, selama, 4 minggu sesudah) maks. 3 bulan

KI: Ibu hamil, anak <8 tahun

42
Q

Profilaksis Malaria Alternatif

A

Meflokuin 200 mg/minggu (2 minggu sebelum, selama, 4 minggu sesudah)

Bisa bumil, anak <8 tahun

43
Q

Dosis DHP dan Primakuin
Berdasarkan BB dan Umur

A
  • ≤5 kg, 0-1 bulan
    DHP 1/3 tab
  • >5-6 kg, 2-<6 bulan
    DHP 1/2 tab
  • >6-10 kg, 6-12 bulan
    DHP 1/2 tab
    Primakuin 1/4 tab
  • >10-17 kg, <5 tahun
    DHP 1 tab
    Primakuin 1/4 tab
  • >17-30 kg, 5-9 tahun
    DHP 1 1/2 tab
    Primakuin 1/2 tab
  • >30-40 kg, 10-14 tahun
    DHP 2 tab
    Primakuin 3/4 tab
  • >40-60 kg, ≥15 tahun
    DHP 3 tab
    Primakuin 1 tab
  • >60-80 kg, ≥15 tahun
    DHP 4 tab
    Primakuin 1 tab
  • >80 kg, ≥15 tahun
    DHP 5 tab
    Primakuin 1 tab

TropMed (10 decks)

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