Malaria Flashcards
What is malaria?
- tropical vector-borne disease
- transmitted by female mosquitos
How is malaria transmitted?
- bitten by an infected mosquito
- blood transfusion, organ transplant, shared use of contaminated needles
What is malaria frequently referred to as?
a disease of poverty
____ of the total global burden due to malaria is concentrated amongst the poorest ____ of the global population
- 58%
- 20%
Factors that increase malaria prevalence (7)
- unsanitary conditions (waste, open defecation)
- occupation (agricultural workers)
- rural areas (higher risk), urban areas (increased contamination and waste)
- age and gender (children under 5 are higher risk)
- income (richer spend more money on care and prevention)
- education (better education means better understanding of malaria)
- distance and accessibility (greater distance from hospitals worsens effects)
What factors encourage malaria carrying mosquitos?
- high temperatures (between 16-32°C)
- poor drainage
- poor land use management
- poor housing conditions
- stagnant water
Ways to discourage malaria carrying mosquitos?
- mosquito nets (insecticide treated)
- medication/drugs
- indoor residual insecticide spraying
- good drainage and housing
How many childhood deaths does malaria account for in Africa?
1 in 6
What are some symptoms/effects of malaria?
- fever, headaches, chills, weakness
- yellow skin discolouration, kidney failure and sometimes death
Malaria kills ____ child every ____ minutes (largely in Africa)
1 child every 2 minutes
How many cases in 2019? What percentage was in Africa?
- 229 million
- 94%
Sub-saharan Africa has approximately what percentage of malaria cases?
82%
What is a possible mitigation strategy?
- vaccine
- will stop 77% of cases
In 30 years how much has been spent on malaria?
only $1 billion
