Antarctica

Question 1

What are the global commons?

Answer 1

parts of the planet that fall outside of national jurisdictions and to which all nations have access to

Question 2

What % is covered by ice?

Answer 2

97%

Question 3

What is the average temperature?

Answer 3

-49°C

Question 4

What type of climate is Antarctica?

Answer 4

polar desert

Question 5

When was the IWC (International Whaling Commission) established?

Answer 5

1946

Question 6

From the IWCs intervention, when did most whaling stop by?

Answer 6

1985

Question 7

Why is krill important?

Answer 7

underpins the entire food system of the Southern ocean

Question 8

Which countries were largely responsible for over-fishing?

Answer 8

Russia and Japan

Question 9

In 1994, what did the IWC establish?

Answer 9

• the Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary

- 50 million square kilometres

Question 10

Which country opposed to the Southern Ocean Whale Sanctuary?

Answer 10

Japan

Question 11

How often is the status of the Southern Ocean Whaling Sanctuary reviewed?

Answer 11

every 10 years

Question 12

Commercial whaling is now prohibited, but how does Japan get around this legislation?

Answer 12

• by claiming to catch whales for ‘scientific’ purposes

- creates international tensions

Question 13

Why are whales caught?

Answer 13

meat, bonemeal, oil, and whalebone

Question 14

How much has krill populations decreased since the 1970s due to climate change?

Answer 14

80%