Making Sense Of Pain Flashcards
What is CFT?
Cognitive Functional Therapy- it is a patient centred approach to management that targets the beliefs, fears and associated behaviours of each individual with pain
What is pain?
An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage . The brain responds to the perception of threat.
What is the specific disorder time course?
Acute 0-2 weeks
Sub-Acute 2-12 weeks
Persistent- 3 months
Normal tissue healing occurs around 6-8 weeks
What is a spondylolisthesis?
Slippage of one of the lumbar vertebrae causing a protrudance
How is cancer a red flag and what to ask them?
Cancer- clinical questions- pmh, non mechanical pain, constant, night pain, unexplained weight loss, general malaise, night sweats
How is infection a red flag}
General feeling, feverish, how is the wound, oozing, red,blood tests to look at infective markers
How is an inflammatory disorder a red flag?
Could complain of early morning stiffness, lasts 30 mins,may response to non steroidal anti inflammatory drug meds, look at blood tests to look at c reactive protein levels
How is a fracture a red flag and what would you ask during the subjective?
Mechanism of injury, trauma, age- contributing factor- osteopenia and osteoporosis, medication can affect bone density
How is cauda equina a red flag and what would you ask?
Bilateral sciatica (pain and altered sensation in the legs) Bladder dysfunction such as having to strain or an altered flow or altered awareness of the need to urinate.Tingling or numbness in the saddle area between the legs and around the anus. There is symptoms of erectile dysfunction also
What is nociceptive pain?
It is defined as pain that arises from actual or threatened damage to non neural tissue and is due to the activation of nociceptors
What is neuropathic pain
It is defined as pain caused by a lesion or disease of the somatosensory nervous system
What is nociplastic pain?
It is defined as pain that arises form altered nociception despite no clear evidence of actual or threatened tissue damage causing the activation of peripheral nociceptors or evidence for disease of lesion of the somatosensory system causing the pain
What is the placebo effect?
It is related to the perceptions and expectations of the patient. If the substance is viewed as helpful it can heal. If it is viewed as harmful, it can caused a negative effect, which nocebo effect.
What are some yellow flags?
Psychosocial factors are indicative of mental health disorders
A- Attitudes and beliefs
B- Behaviours
C- Compensation- whiplash type injury
D- diagnosis- what have they been told about their clinical condition
E- Emotional state and factors influencing
F- Family
W- Work
What are the 3 main topics
Cognitive- negative beliefs, hyper-vigilance, catastrophising, self efficacy
Emotional - stress, fear, anxiety,depression and anger
Behavioural - avoidance and pain behaviour, poor coping and pacing
