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Elements of Life > Making Salts > Flashcards

Making Salts Flashcards

1
Q

what do acids form when they react with bases?

A

salt and water

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2
Q

what is the formula for ammonium?

A

NH4(+)

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3
Q

what is the formula for copper(II)?

A

Cu(2+)

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4
Q

what is the formula for zinc(II)?

A

Zn(2+)

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5
Q

what is the formula for lead(II)?

A

Pb(2+)

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6
Q

what is the formula for iron(II)?

A

Fe(2+)

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7
Q

what is the formula for iron(III)?

A

Fe(3+)

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8
Q

what is the formula for nitrate?

A

NO3(-)

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9
Q

what is the formula for hydroxide?

A

OH(-)

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10
Q

what is the formula for hydrogencarbonate?

A

HCO3(-)

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11
Q

what is the formula for sulfate?

A

SO4(2-)

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12
Q

what is the formula for cabonate?

A

CO3(2-)

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13
Q

when naming salts, do you put the cation or anion first?

A

cation first, then anion (e.g zinc sulfate)

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14
Q

are lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium salts soluble or insoluble?

A

soluble

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15
Q

are nitrates soluble or insoluble?

A

soluble

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16
Q

are chlorides, bromides and iodides soluble or insoluble?

A

soluble
except: silver halides, copper iodide, lead chloride, bromide & iodide

17
Q

are sulfates soluble or insoluble?

A

soluble
except: barium, calcium and lead sulfate

18
Q

are hydroxides soluble or insoluble?

A

insoluble
except: lithium, sodium, potassium, strontium, calcium, barium and ammonium hydroxides

19
Q

are carbonates soluble or insoluble?

A

insoluble
except: lithium, sodium, potassium and ammonium carbonates

20
Q

what colour precipitate does copper carbonate form?

A

blue-green

21
Q

what colour precipitate does silver carbonate form?

A

yellow

22
Q

when can you use a precipitate reaction to make salts?

A

if the salt you want to make is insoluble

23
Q

what is an insoluble salt also known as?

A

precipitate

24
Q

when will you know if all the acid has been neutralised when making soluble salts?

A

no more solid will dissolve, so it will just sink to the bottom of the flask

25
Q

what’s crystallisation?

A

evaporating some of the water out of the salt solution and then leaving the rest to evaporate very slowly to get pure, solid crystals of the salt

26
Q

why do you have to use different methods for making soluble salts out of insoluble bases and alkalis?

A

you can’t tell if the reaction has finished when using an alkali, so you can’t just add an excess to the acid and filter out what’s left

27
Q

what’s the most accurate way to find the right amount of alkali to neutralise an acid?

A

titration

28
Q
A

Elements of Life (18 decks)

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