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Nutrition > Major Minerals > Flashcards

Major Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

RDA calcium

A

1000 mg/day

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2
Q

calcium is absorbed by (2)

A

passive diffusion

active transport

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3
Q

active transport with calcium uses:

A

calbindin 9k

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4
Q

(2) functions of calcium

A

bone formation

cell signaling

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5
Q

best source of calcium

A

dairy

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6
Q

causes of hypercalcemia (2)

A

increase calcium intake

hyperparathyroidism

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7
Q

symptoms of hypercalcemia (3)

A

fatigue
constipation
hallucinations

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8
Q

hypocalcemia leads to (2)

A

tetany

osteoporosis

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9
Q

amount of all major minerals/day

A

> 100 mg/day

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10
Q

absorption of major minerals is enhanced with _____ environment

A

acidic

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11
Q

______ is only major mineral that requires stomach acid

A

calcium carbonate

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12
Q

best sources of phosphorus

A

animal products

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13
Q

functions of phosphorus (3)

A

enzyme regulation
ATP & cAMP
phospholipids

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14
Q

symptom of HYPOphosphatemia

A

arrhythmia

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15
Q

one function of phosphorus is enzyme regulation, specifically ______

A

covalent modification

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16
Q

HYPERphosphatemia causes ________

A

hypocalcium (osteroporosis and tetany)

17
Q

absorption of major minerals is inhibited by (3)

A

phytates
oxalates
tannins

18
Q

sources of tanins

A

red wine
coffee
chocolate
tea

19
Q

source of phytate

A

whole grains

20
Q

sources of oxalate

A

spinach

chocolate

21
Q

symptom of HYPOnatremia

A

muscle cramps

22
Q

symptom of HYPERnatremia

A

hypertension

23
Q

source of sodium

A

NaCl

24
Q

functions of sodium (2)

A 
fluid balance (electrolytes)
nerves
25
Q

with excess sodium, _____ CALCIUM EXCRETION aka ______

A

increase

hypocalcemia

26
Q

functions of magnesium (4)

A

PTH secretion
cofactor
stabilize ATP
bone formation

27
Q

as a cofactor, magnesium stabilizes _____

A

ATP

28
Q

(2) symptoms of HYPERmagnesemia

A

slurred speech

migraines

29
Q

symptom of HYPOmagnesemia

A

muscle weakness

30
Q

hypomagnesemia is required for _____ & _____

A

parathyroid function

vit D

31
Q

best source of magnesium

A

plants

32
Q

functions of chloride (2)

A

nerves

HCl

33
Q

source of chloride

A

NaCl

34
Q

functions of potassium (2)

A 
fluid balance (electrolytes)
nerves
35
Q

(3) sources of potassium

A

banana
cantaloupe
sweet potato

36
Q

sub clinical potassium deficiency symptom

A

hypertension

37
Q

hypokalemeia and hyperkalemia have same symptom of

A

arrhythmia

Nutrition (5 decks)

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