Major Depressive Disorder

Question 1

What are the characteristics of MDD?

Answer 1

depressed moor or loss of interest or pleasure in usual activities, Impaired social and occupational functioning that has existed for at least two weeks with no history of manic behavior

Question 2

What is the diagnosis of MDD?

Answer 2

single episode: individuals first encounter with a major depressive episode
recurrent: individual has a history
*mild
*moderate
*severe

Question 3

what is the diagnostic criteria for MDD?

Answer 3

five or more symptoms present during a two week period and represent a change from previous functioning
1. depressed mood most of the day
2. diminished interest or pleasure in all or also all activities most of the day
3. significant weight loss or weight gain (change in 5% of body weight)
4.insomnia or hyperinsomnia nearly every day
5. psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day
6. fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day
7. feeling of worthlessness nearly every day
8. diminished ability to think
9. recurrent thoughts of death or recurrent suicidal ideation

Question 4

what is severe depression marked by?

Answer 4

distress that interferes with social, occupations, cognitive and emotional functioning

Question 5

what are the four sphere of human functioning that are affected by severe major depressive disorder?

Answer 5

1. affective: feelings of total despair, hopelessness, and worthlessness with inability to feel pleasure
2. behavioral: psychomotor retardation so severe that physical movement may completely stop or where movements are manifested in rapid agitated purposelessness movements; no personal hygiene with social isolation
3. cognitive: delusional thinking is prevalent
4. physiological: general slowdown of entire body, reflecting in sluggish digestion, constipation, and urinary retention, diminished libedo, anorexia, FEELING WORSE IN THE MORNING AND SOMEWHAT BETTER AS THE DAY PROGRESSES

Question 6

what are the symptoms of mild depression?

Answer 6

symptoms associated with normal grieving

Question 7

what are the symptoms of moderate depression?

Answer 7

problematic disturbances that endure for at least two years

Question 8

Describe the NCP for a patient diagnoses with risk for suicide and the nursing interventions.

Answer 8

STG: patient will seek out staff when feeling the urge to harm self
LTG: patient will not harm self
INTERVENTIONS: nurse creates a safe environment by removing harmful objects from patient access, nurses repeatedly assess patients intensity of suicidal thoughts, nurse encourages patients to establish a safety plan when thoughts occur

Question 9

Describe the NCP for a patient who is experiencing the diagnosis of complicated grieving and the nursing interventions/

Answer 9

STG: patient will express anger about loss, patient will identify coping strategies and rational thought patterns in response to loss
LTG: patient will be able to recognize own position on the grief process while progressing at own pace
INTERVENTIONS: determine patients stage of grief, develop trusting relationship, encourage patient to express anger within appropriate limits, help patient release anger with physical exercise, teach strategies of grief

Question 10

What medications are used to help with MDD?

Answer 10

SSRIs
SNRIs
TCAs
MAOIs