major bones + what they do Flashcards
what is the cranium and What does the cranium do?
Protect brain and allows for facial muscle attachment
what is the mandible and What does the mandible do?
Forms lower jaw and receptacle for the lower teeth, also the largest and strongest bone in the face
what is the clavical and What does the clavical do?
Supports upper body: shoulders, and allows weight transfer: head, neck ,back ,chest
what is the scapula and what does the scapula do?
Allows fully functional upper body movement : protraction, retraction, elevation, depression , up and down motions
what is the humerus and what does the humerus do?
Allows rotation and flexion of arm, holds 13 muscles in place and stabilises elbow and wrist
what is the ulna and what does the ulna do?
Helps forearm and wrists move : flexion, rotation, holds 12+ muscles in place and stabilises hand and wrist
what is the radius and what does the radius do?
Allows pronation and supination in the forearm and hand, allows flexion and extension at the elbow, allows abduction, adduction, flexion, extension and circumduction in the wrist
what are the carpals and what does the carpals do?
Allows wrist to rotate, up and down movement
what are the metacarpals and what do the metacarpals do?
Framework for the bridge connection the carpals to the phalanges
what are the phalanges and what do the phalanges do?
Allows for grip
what is the sternum and what does the sternum do?
Protects internal organs and muscles
what are the ribs and what do the ribs do?
Protects internal organs: heart and lungs
what is the clavicle vertebrae and what does the clavicle vertebrae do?
Supports upper body
what is the thoracic vertebrae and what does the thoracic vertebrae do?
Protects heart and lungs
what is the lumbar vertebrae and what does the lumbar vertebrae do?
Provides stability in the back and spinal column
what is the innominate and what does the innominate do?
Provides leg stability and allows posterior rotation in the leg
what is the sacrum and what does the sacrum do?
Forms posterior pelvic wall and strengthen and stabilises the pelvis
what is the coccyx and what does the coccyx do?
It is the insertion site for multiple muscles, tendons, and ligaments and supports weight in the seated position.
what is the femur and What does the femur do?
Holds weight in the leg when moving or standing.
what is the patella and what does the patella do
The patella is also known as the kneecap, it is a small triangle bone that sits at the front of the knee and it supports leg movement, protects the knees joints and supports muscles, tendons, and ligaments.
what is the tibia, what does it do?
The tibia is the shin bone that is supports weight in the lower legs when standing or moving, it stabilises muscles, tendons, ligaments and connects the knee to the ankle.
what is the fibula and what does it do?
the fibula is the “calf bone” that is not weight bearing and it combines with the tibia along with stabilising muscles, tendons and ligaments
what are the tarsals and what do they do?
tarsals are a set of irregular bones at the ankle. they carry and transfer weight in the bipedal locomotion (walking on 2 leg)
what are metatarsals and what do they do?
Metatarsals are bones in the front of the foot, that absorb forces, supports and acts as a rigid lever during gait propulsion ( horizontal component of the ground reaction force during push off)
