Major Artists Flashcards
Hieronymus Bosch
(c. 1450-1516) Flemish painter of the late 15th and early 16th centuries whose most famous works are ‘The Garden of Earthly Delights’ and ‘Mocking of Christ’.
Sandro Botticelli
(c. 1444-1510) Florentine painter whose work, such as ‘Fortitude’, is marked by refined figures and brilliant coloring.
Michelangelo Bounarroti
(1475-1564) Sculptor, painter, and architect whose creations typified the Renaissance in Italy. His sculptures, such as ‘David’ and ‘Pieta’, are internationally recognized. His painting includes the magnificent ceiling of the Sistine Chapel.
Peter Bruegel
(c. 1525-1569) Also known as “The Elder,” Flemish painter known for his fantastic landscapes and characters, including ‘The Fall of the Rebel Angels’.
Alexander Calder
(1898-1976) Mid-20th-century American sculptor best known for his use of mobiles and motorized pieces.
Mary Cassatt
(1844–1926) American artist who specialized in figure painting and etchings. Prominent in her work are several versions of Mother and Child.
Paul Cézanne
(1839-1906) French Post-Impressionist painter who is said to have created a bridge from Impressionism to Cubism.
Marc Chagall
(1887-1985) Russian painter whose work strongly presaged the Surrealist movement. Chagall is also well known for his stained-glass windows and illustrated books.
Salvador Dalí
(1904-1989) Spanish Surrealist painter of the 20th Century. Famous for ‘The Persistence of Memory’.
Edgar Degas
(1834-1917) Late 19th-century French painter and sculptor known for his paintings of ballet dancers and sculptures of horses. Generally thought of as one of the greatest French artist. His work greatly influenced Toulouse-Lautrec and Picasso, among others.
Donatello
(1386-1466) Italian sculptor who made major innovations to art in 15th-century and shaped the Renaissance.
Albrecht Dürer
(1471-1528) German artist whose woodcuts and engravings are among the greatest in history. Major works include ‘Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse’, a series of woodcuts, and the engraving ‘Melencolia I’.
Fra Angelico
(c. 1400-1455) 15th century Florentine monk and painter who supervised or created many of the frescoes in the St. Mark’s convent in Florence.
Max Ernst
(1891-1976) German painter of the Dada movement who went on to help shape the Surrealist movement with his collages and paintings, including ‘Two Children Are Threatened by Nightingale’.
Thomas Gainsborough
(1727-1788) English painter of portraits and landscapes whose many drawings greatly influenced 19th-century landscape artists.
Paul Gauguin
(1848-1903) French post-Impressionist painter who greatly influenced modern art. Many of his most famous pieces are of life on the islands of Tahiti and Marquesas, including his masterwork ‘Where do we come from? What are we? Where are we going?’
Frank Gehry
(1929-present) Canadian-born modern architect whose groundbreaking designs include the Guggenheim Museum in Bilbao, Spain.
Francisco Goya
(1746-1828) Spanish painter generally considered the greatest painter of his era. His portraits and graphic arts pieces can be found in collections the world over.
El Greco
(c. 1541-1614) 16th-century Greek painter who settled in Spain and specialized in expressive portraits of nobility and in magnificent cathedral altars.
Edward Hopper
(1882-1967) American painter and engraver well known for his stark street scenes, among the best known of which are ‘Early Sunday Morning’ and the noir ‘Nighthawks’.
Christo Javacheff and Jeanne-Claude
(1935-present) (1935-2009) Married Bulgarian and Moroccan artists whose large-scale Earth pieces (wraps and plastic) are among the biggest art installations ever produced.
Thomas Jefferson
(1743-1826) American political figure and architect. He designed and built Monticello as well as the University of Virginia campus.
Jasper Johns
(1930-present) 20th century American painter helped introduce the Pop Art movement as well as carried the torch for Abstract Expressionists. Familiar works include ‘Beer Cans’ and his series of paintings of the American flag.
Vasily Kandinsky
(1866-1944) Russian-born Expressionist painter who helped found the Bauhaus school. Closely associated with Klee.
Paul Klee
(1879-1940) Swiss-born avant-garde Expressionist painter who helped found the Bauhaus school. Closely associated with Kandinsky.
Gustav Klimt
(1862-1918) German Art Nouveau teacher best known for ‘The Kiss’.
Leonardo Da Vinci
(1452-1519) A painter, sculptor, engineer, and inventor, Leonardo da Vinci is a towering figure of the Italian Renaissance. ‘Madonna of the Rocks’ and the world-famous ‘Mona Lisa’ are among his many works.
Edouard Manet
(1832-1883) French painter who had an important influence on the later Impressionist movement. His paintings evoked outrage among critics and viewers when released in the mid-1800s.
Franz Marc
(1880-1916) Emotionally troubled German-born Expressionist painter, whose colorful paintings include ‘Yellow Cow, Blue Horses’.
Henri Matisse
(1869-1954) One of the great modern artists and a lasting influence on painting. French Fauve artist painted still-life subjects and is widely exhibited at major museums the world over.
Joan Miró
(1893-1983) Surrealist Spanish painter and sculptor best known for his fantastic landscapes.
Claude Monet
(1840-1926) French painter and founder of the Impressionist school. Considered one of the great landscape artists in history and a major influence on modern art. Among his works are the Water Lily paintings.
Anna Mary Moses (“Grandma”)
(1860-1961) Immensely popular American artist known for her simple landscapes and views of New England life.
Edvard Munch
(1863-1944) Norwegian painter of Expressionist pieces, including ‘The Scream’.
Georgia O’Keeffe
(1887-1986) 20th century American painter whose paintings often have a largely southwestern motif. One example is ‘Cow’s Skull, Red, White, and Blue’.
I. M. Pei
(1917-present) Postmodern Chinese-American architect who designed, in addition to many prominent skyscrapers, the entrance to the Louvre in Paris and the Rock-and-Roll Hall of Fame in Cleveland.
Pablo Picasso
(1881-1973) Spanish artist who settled in France and whose skill and vision pioneered the course of 20th-century art. He also helped found the Cubist movement. Among the most famous of his many works include ‘The Three Musicians’ and ‘Guernica’.
Camille Pissarro
(1830-1903) French Impressionist known for painting broad landscapes.
Jackson Pollock
(1912-1956) American artist whose giant canvases and splatter designs characterize the Abstract Expressionist movement.
Harmenszoon Rembrandt
(1606-1669) 17th century Dutch master whose skill ranks him among the great painters of all time. Among his masterworks are ‘Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Tulp’ and ‘The Shooting Company of Capt. Frans Banning Cocq.’.
Pierre Renoir
(1841-1919) French painter and founder of the Impressionist movement. His paintings, including ‘Moulin de la Galette’ and ‘Bather’, are widely exhibited throughout the world.
Peter Paul Rubens
(1577-1640) Flemish painter was among the most famous artists of the Baroque era and is known for his pieces ‘Venus and Adonis’ and ‘The Judgment of Paris’, among many others.
Auguste Rodin
(1840-1917) Late 19th-century French sculptor of many world-famous works of art, including ‘The Thinker’ and ‘The Kiss’.
Mark Rothko
(1903-1970) Russian-born American painter of the Abstract Expressionist school. A student of Max Weber;
George Seurat
(1859-1891) Late 19th-century painter was a forerunner of the Impressionist movement and created the pointillist style of painting. His masterpiece is the colossal ‘Un Dimanche à la Grande Jatte’.
Louis Comfort Tiffany
(1848-1933) American craftsman known for his stained-glass pieces.
Vincent Van Gogh
(1853-1890) 19th-century Dutch painter is one of the most recognizable painters in history. His highly post-Impressionistic works, such as ‘Starry Night’ and ‘The Sunflowers’, are among the most well-known in the world.
Andy Warhol
(1928-1987) Pop artist of the latter half of the 20th Century who helped define a modern aesthetic with his movies and with such pieces as his series of Marilyn Monroe silkscreens.
Frank Lloyd Wright
(1867-1959) American considered among the greatest architects of the 20th century. His designs include Fallingwater in Pennsylvania and the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City.
