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Crops > Maize > Flashcards

Maize Flashcards

1
Q

What uses has maize got?

A

Forage for animal fed
Biogas production
Bioethical production

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2
Q

Why grow maize?

A

High yields
Break crop in grassland
Manures and slurry provides most nutrient needs
Drought tolerant

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3
Q

What does maize require?

A

Warm soil to drill

Precision drilling

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4
Q

What may a late harvest of maize cause?

A

Rotation problems
Contaminated silage due to wet fields
Soil compaction

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5
Q

What are early maturing varieties of maize?

A

Require fewer heat units to mature

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6
Q

When do you aim to harvest maize?

A

Early October

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7
Q

What is the ideal soil depth for maize?

A

2 meters

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8
Q

What do early maturing varieties of maize allow farmers to do?

A

Harvest earlier

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9
Q

What soil conditions are needed for maize?

A

PH of 6.8

Lime is necessary before drilling

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10
Q

How do you achieve a fine seed bed for maize?

A

Tilth

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11
Q

Why is maize deep rooted?

A

To access nutrients and water ideal for droughts

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12
Q

What total herbicide should be used in maize if there is a known problem with weeds?

A

Glyphosate

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13
Q

When should maize be sown?

A

April early May

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14
Q

What row spacing and width is needed for precision drilling maize?

A

3-5cm on 75cm spaced rows

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15
Q

What is the target seed rate for maize?

A

110,000 plants per ha

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16
Q

What % is a realistic expectation for maize loss?

A

10%

17
Q

When is post emergence weed control used in maize?

A

As soon as the crop has emerged due to early weed competition

18
Q

What pests are an issue with maize?

A 
Wire worm 
Leather jackets 
Birds 
Badgers 
Slugs
19
Q

What diseases are an issue with maize?

A

Rust fungus

Seedling rot

20
Q

When plant flowers develop for maize?

A

80-95 days after sowing

21
Q

What percentage of the crops dry matter yield is the cob?

A

50%

22
Q

What percentage of dry matter should the maize be before going into the clamp?

A

32-35%

23
Q

What effect does frost do to maize?

A

Kill the plant
Increase in dry matter
Reduce plant sugars
Mould and yeast growth

24
Q

What kind of chop do dairy and beef cows need their maize?

A

Longer chop well managed clamp

25
Q

What kind of chop do young cattle and sheep have their maize?

A

Short chop poorly managed clamp

26
Q

Why do kernels need to be crushed?

A

Increase digest ability

27
Q

What conditions should a well managed clamp be?

A

High levels of soluble carbs
Long narrow clamp
Continue rolling of clamp
Air squeezed out

28
Q

Why are plastic bag clamps good for maize?

A

Earlier planting
Advances crops maturity
Earlier harvesting
Higher starch yields

29
Q

What are disadvantages for maize plastic bag clamps?

A

High costs of plastics and drilling

Many varieties not suitable

Crops (14 decks)

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