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Crops > Lecture 3- Crop Rotation > Flashcards

Lecture 3- Crop Rotation Flashcards

1
Q

Why are rotations important?

A

So that soil stays fertile and healthy

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2
Q

What are their purpose?

4 answers

A

Spread out work load of machinery and labour
Interrupt weeds, pest and disease cycles
Aids cash flow
Improves soil structure

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3
Q

What are break crops?

A

Secondary crop grown to interrupt the repeated sowing of cereal crops

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4
Q

What crops fall under the POACEAE plant family?

A

Cereal crops and herbage grasses

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5
Q

What crop falls under the FABACEAE plant family?

A

Legumes

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6
Q

What crop falls under the SOLANACEAE plant family?

A

Potatoes

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7
Q

What does continuous cropping of cereals lead to?

A

Take-all, eyespot and nematodes

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8
Q

What does continuous cropping of root crops lead to?

A

Eelworm problems

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9
Q

What are examples of pulse crops?

A

Peas and beans

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10
Q

What are pulse crops functions?

How does it do that?

A

Natural restoration of nitrogen

Via bacteria fixation in root nodules

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11
Q

What three types of crops should not be grown 5years consecutively in the same field?

A

Oilseed rape
Pulses
Sugar beet

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12
Q

What are restorative crops?
How do they do this?
What are examples of this?

A

Crops that restore and maintain fertility in soils
Allow return of organic matter and nutrients to the soil
Grass leys, kale

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13
Q

How many hectares in the uk are used for arable land?

A

4.5 million

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14
Q

How many hectares in the uk are used for grasslands?

A

11.5 million hectares

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15
Q

What is a break crop?

A

A different species of crop to the main crop

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16
Q

What’s an example of break crop?

A

Legumes

Oilseed rape

17
Q

Why are break crops important even for just a year.

A

Decreases susceptibility of diseases within the soil

18
Q

What do rotations not deter?

A

Diseases spread by airborne spores and pests which spread to field to field

19
Q

What disease is hindered by rotations?

A

Take all

20
Q

What pests are hindered by rotations?

A

Nematodes

21
Q

What disease does rotating winter and spring crops deter?

A

Black grass

22
Q

What does a successful crop rotation do?

A

Maintains economic efficiency
AVoids nutrient leaching
Ensure pesticides hit their targets

23
Q

What is Harper Adams crop rotation?

A 
Winter wheat 
Winter barley 
Oilseed rape
Maize 
Potatoes
Wheat
24
Q

What are organic rotations?

A

No use of chemical control
Longer breaks between same family
Increased risk of pests and diseases

Crops (14 decks)

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