Main Proponents and Concepts

Question 1

Freud’s Structure of the Mind (3)

Answer 1

1. Id - Unconscious, Pleasure Principle
2. Ego - Primarily conscious, Reality Principle
3. Superego - The conscience, Norms

Question 2

Freud’s Psychosexual Theory of Development (5)

Answer 2

1. Oral - birth to 18 months
2. Anal - 18 months to 3 years
3. Phallic - 3 to 5 or 6
4. Latency - 6 to 12
5. Genital - Adulthood

Question 3

This happens when there is too little or too much gratification

Answer 3

Fixation

Question 4

These are psychological maneuvers used to MANAGE stress and anxiety

Answer 4

Defense Mechanisms

Question 5

This is the technique where the patient tries to say whatever comes to minds without censoring anything

Answer 5

Free Association

Question 6

This is the technique where the analyst points out to the patient the real meaning of certain of the patient’s behaviors

Answer 6

Interpretation

Question 7

A technique where the patient responds to the analyst in ways that the patient has previously responded to other important figures in his or her life, and the analyst helps the patient understand and interpret these responses

Answer 7

Analysis of Transference

Question 8

A Neo-Freudian who founded ANALYTICAL PSYCHOLOGY

Answer 8

Carl Jung

Question 9

A Neo-Freudian who founded INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY

Answer 9

Alfred Adler

Question 10

This is the emphasis on LEARNING rather than innate tendencies

Answer 10

Behaviorism

Question 11

One of the first proponents of Behaviorism

Answer 11

John B. Watson

Question 12

He explored learning through ASSOCIATION

Answer 12

Ivan Pavlov

Question 13

4 Elements of Learning according to Ivan Pavlov

Answer 13

1. Unconditioned Stimulus
2. Conditioned Stimulus
3. Unconditioned Response
4. Conditioned Response

Question 14

These two conducted an experiment and classically conditioned fear in LITTLE ALBERT

Answer 14

John B. Watson and Raynor (1920)

Question 15

___ is the learning through consequences; founded by ____

Answer 15

Operant Conditioning ; E L. Thorndike

Question 16

Founded the Principles of Reinforcements

Answer 16

B.F. Skinner

Question 17

Behaviors that are followed by pleasant stimuli are strengthened

Answer 17

Positive Reinforcement

Question 18

Behaviors that terminate a negative stimulus are strengthened

Answer 18

Negative Reinforcement

Question 19

Learning by IMITATING others’ behavior

Answer 19

Modeling

Question 20

Two processes in Behavior Therapy

Answer 20

1. Systematic Desensitization

2. Aversive Conditioning

Question 21

This is based on the idea that people not only behave, they also think and feel.

Answer 21

Cognitive Therapy and Rational Emotive Therapy