Main Points! Flashcards
What are Chemical families?
Chemical families are groups of elements arranged in vertical columns in the periodic table that have similar physical and chemical properties.
What are the four chemical families in the periodic tables?
The four chemical families are:
- noble gases
- alkali earth metals
- alkali metals
- halogens
What are metals?
A metal is a element that is typically hard, shiny, malleable, ductile and good conductors of heat and electricity.
What are non metals?
A non-metal are elements that are typically not shiny, malleable, or ductile and that are poor conductors of heat and electricity. Non metals are usually gases or brittle solids at room temperature.
What are Metalloids?
Metalloids are elements that share some properties with metal and some properties with non metals.
What is the Bohr model diagram?
The Bohr model is the diagram of the atom that describes the arrangement of subatomic particles.
Who are the four scientists that studied the atomic theory?
Rutherford, Thompson, Bohr and Dalton.
Who was Rutherford?
In 1909 he designed an experiment to probe inside atoms. Rutherford had discovered the nucleus the tiny, dense, positively charged centre of the atom. He also established that there must be at least two kinds of particles inside the nucleus of an atom. Protons and neutrons.
Who was Dalton?
Dalton believed all matter is made of small particles called atoms. He also said that atoms cannot be created, destroyed, or divided into small particles. All atoms of the same element are identical in mass and size, but they are different in mass and size from the atoms of other elements. Compounds are created when atoms of different elements link together in definite proportions.
Who was Thompson?
He determined in 1897 that the currents were streams of negatively charged particles, later called electrons. He reasoned that all atoms are mad up of much smaller particles. Thompson made up a model called a “raisin bun” model of an atom.
Who was Bohr?
He studied the regions surrounding the nucleus, which were known to contain negatively charged electrons. He proposed that electrons surrounding the nucleus is specific energy levels or shells. That meant that electrons have a particular amount of energy.
What is the kinetic molecular theory?
Kinetic molecular theory is to explain what happens to matter when the kinetic energy of particles change.
For example: solid to a liquid, liquid to a gas, gas to a solid. Etc
What is kinetic energy?
Kinetic energy is the energy if motion.
What are the four temperatures in kinetic molecular theory?
Boiling, melting, boiling point, melting point.
Boiling (liquid to gas). Melting (solid to liquid).
Boiling point the temperature that it is changing.
Melting point the temperature that it is changing.
What is a chemical change?
A chemical change is a change in matter hat occurs when substances combine to form new substances.
