Main Hints Flashcards
A network of trained professionals linked to provide advanced, out-of-hospital care for victims of sudden traumatic injury or illness
EMS System
Describe the duties of the criminal justice first-aid provider within the EME system…
To ensure the safety of everyone, alert the EMS system, and is usually the first person to provide basic first aid to patients.
First-Aid duties may include:
(List 6)
- Wearing PPE to prevent infection
- Gaining access to a patient
- Assessing a patient for life-threatening injuries
- Alerting EMS providers and relaying all relevant medical information
- Providing a patient with basic medical care based on needs you identified during yor assessment
- Remaining with a patient until EMS provides relieve you and transport the patient to an advanced medical facility
Describe the officer’s responsibilities for providing emergancy first aid according to the CJSTC standards…
You are responsible for the patient in the first few minutes of the event. EMS system depends on your actions in those minutes. You set the foundation for the remainder of the rescue. Help other patients who are not in a critical condition by preventing more injuries, performing proper assessments, gathering medical histories, and preparing for EMS personnel to arrive.
Describe the legal and ethical responsibilities for a criminal justice first-aid provider…
Need to ask for and receive a patient’s consent, or document a patient’s refusal of treatment. The public expects, and the law requires, you to be competent with behavior that is always above reproach. Place the public’s well-being first during an emergency.
defines the standard or scope of care as “the degree of care that a reasonable person should exercise”
Black’s Law Dictionary
this protects a first-aid provider from liability for emergency care or treatment performed in good faith or emergency care or treatment that would be expected of another first-aid provider with equal training
Good Samaritan Act
Negligence occurs if all these conditions are present:
(List 4)
- Duty to act
- Breach of standard care
- Causation
*Damages
What are the 3 ways to give consent?
- Expressed Consent
- Implied Consent
- Informed Consent
is one who can make an informed decision about medical care
Competent Adult
For minors, children under age 18, you must have a parent or legal guardian’s____ before providing care.
permission
If a parent or guardian is not available in life-threatening emergencies or emergencies that could include in disability, provide emergency first aid based on the principle of _____.
implied consent
identification bracelet or necklace, carries a card in their wallet, or has a medical alert tattoo that alerts you to a specific medical condition, sush as allergy, epilepsy, or diabetes. May find a telephone number to call for detailed information about the patient
Medical Alert
Protects the rights of patients and the release of patient information
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
HIPAA
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
Be aware that the medical emergency you are responding to and what the patient is experiencing _______________ to the medical condition on the medical alert.
may not always be related
delivers oxygen to and removes carbon dioxide from the blood
Respiratory System
The respiratory systems of infants and children ___ from an adut
differ
pumps blood throughout the body, it delivers oxygen and nutrients to and removes waste from the body’s tissues. Also known as cardiovascular system
Circulatory System
4 major arteries determine blood flow and are used to feel for a patient’s pulse:
(List 4)
- Carotid
- Brachial
- Femoral
- Radial
supplies blood to the head and neck, felt on either side of the neck
Carotid
supplies blood to the upper arm, felt on the inside of the upper arm
Brachial
supplies blood to the upper thigh and leg, felt in the groin area
Femoral
supplies blood to the lower arm and hand, felt at the thumb side of the wrist
Radial
Main components of the skeletal system:
(List 7)
- Skull
- Spinal Column
- Shoulder Girdle
- Rib Cage
- Pelvis
- Lower Extremities
- Upper Extremities
The body contains 3 types of muscles:
- Voluntary Muscles
- Involuntary Muscles (Smooth Muscles)
- Cardiac Muscles
The nervous system has 2 main systems:
- Central Nervous System
- Peripheral Nervous System
Acting as a communication organ, the ___ also receives and relays information about heat,, cold, touch, pressure, and pain
Skin
3 types of pathogens:
- Bloodborne Pathogens
- Airborne Pathogens
- Bodily Fluids
_______ developed universal precautions as a set of procedures designed to prevent transmission of bloodborne pathogens to first-aid or health-care providers.
Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)
____ goes further than universal precautions, and is the practice of isolating yourself from all body substances (not just blood and bodily fluids) of patients undergoing medical treatment.
Body Substance Isolation (BSI)
Highly infectious diseases can be transmitted through air or droplets and not just body substances; these new measures are referred to be standard _____ by the CDC
precautions
____________ emphasize the practice of hand hygiene throughout patient care, not just if hands are visibly soiled or when removing gloves.
Standard Precautions
_____________ containers secure used syringes and needles to prevent injuries.
Rigid Plastic Sharps
Transmission of HIV occurs primarily through:
- during unprotected sexual intercourse with an HIV-positive person
- when sharing contaminated needles
- from an HIV-positive person to their during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding
- direct contact with blood and certain body fluids, such as semen, vaginal or rectal fluids, or breast milk with a detectable viral load
Each incident presents its own dangers and will require a different level ____.
awareness
2 types of patient assessments:
- Primary
- Secondary
AVPU
Alert
Verbal
Pain
Unresponsive
MARCH
Massive hemorrhage
Airway
Respirations
Circulation
Hypothermia/Head injury
Finding a pulse by placing your fingers on a pulse point:
( infant; unconscious adult/child; conscious adult/child)
- For an infant, always check the brachial pulse on the upper arm, located near the inside of the elbow
*For an unconscious adult or child, check the carotid pulse on the neck - For conscious adult or child, check the radial pulse on the inside of the wrist, below the thumbs
DOTS
Deformities
Open injuries
Tenderness
Swelling
PMS
Pulse
Motor
Sensory
Look, listen, and feel for DOTS
- Head
- Eyes
- Neck
- Shoulders
- Chest and abdomen
- Pelvis and groin
- Lower extremities
- Upper extremities
- Spine and back
START
Simple
Triage
And
Rapid
Treatment
Classify patients according to START protocols:
- Red_ Immediate
- Yellow- Delayed
- Green- Ambulatory (minor)
- Black- Deceased (non-salvageable)
RPM
Respiration
Perfusion
Mental status
