Defines Flashcards
occurs when you either fail to act or act inappropriately
Breach of Duty
“a duty to take some action to prevent harm to another, and for the failure of which one may be liable, depending on the relationship of the parties and the circumstances”
Duty to Act
A network of trained professionals linked to provide advanced, out-of-hospital care for victims of sudden traumatic injury or illness
EMS System
the care that you are expected to provide to the same patient under the same conditions as would any criminal justice firs-aid provider who received the same level of training
Standard of Care
is giving up a right or interest with the intention of never again claiming it
Abandonment
defined in Black’s Law Dictionary as “the failure to exercise the standard of care that a reasonably prudent person would have exercised in a similar situation; any conduct that falls below the legal standard established to protect others against unreasonable risk of harm, except for conduct that is intentionally, wantonly, or willfully disregardful of other’s rights”
Negligance
You had a legal duty to act or you failed to act in a certain way
Breach of Standard Care
you had a duty to the patient
Duty to act
your action or inaction directly resulted in the patient’s injury
Causation
the patient was harmed as a result of your actions and the court is able to compensate the patient
Damages
permission given for an action that is clearly and unmistakably stated or written by the patient or legal guardian
Expressed Consent
the assumption that a person has given permission for an action because of their actions, rather than explicitly expressed
Implied Consent
a person’s agreement to allow something to happen, made with full knowledge of the facts, benefits, risks, and alternatives
Informed Consent
is unlawful touch or strike without the person’s consent
Battery
A broad term used to describe a group of conditions that affect physical or mental functioning that arise early in life
Developmental Disabilities
“a general term for a decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with daily life”
Dementia
delivers oxygen to and removes carbon dioxide from the blood
Respiratory System
pumps blood throughout the body; it delivers oxygen and nutrients to and remove waste from the body’s tissues. Also known as cardiovascular system
Circulatory System
pumps blood throughout the body; it delivers oxygen and nutrients to and remove waste from the body’s tissues. Also known as cardiovascular system
Circulatory System
houses and protects the brain. It also gives shape and function to the face
The skull
protects the spinal cord and is the primary support for the entire body. it consists of separate bones called vertebrae that stack one on top of each other and are held together by muscles
Spinal Column
consists of the collarbone and shoulder blades
Shoulder Girdle
contain the sternum and ribs. It protects the heart, lungs, liver, and spleen
Rib Cage
protects the reproductive organs and supports the organs in the lower abdominal cavity
Pelvis
consist of the upper leg, lower leg, ankle, and foot
Lower Extremities
consist of the upper arm, lower arm (forearm), wrist, hand, and finger bones that comprise the arm
Upper Extremities
gives the body shape, protects internal organs, and allows for body movement
Muscular System
controls voluntary and involuntary body activity; it also supports higher mental functions, such as thought and emtion
Nervous System
consists of the brain and the spinal cord. Its components are the body’s “mainframe computer” and processing center
Central Nervous System
includes nerves that connect to the spinal cord and branch out to every other part of the body. These nerves serve as 2-way communication system
Peripheral Nervous System
is the largest organ of the body. It protects everything inside the body, provides a barrier against bacteria and other harmful substances and organisms, and regulates body temperature
Skin
muscles used for deliberate acts, such as chewing, bending, lifting and running
Voluntary Muscles
carry out many automatic body functions
Involuntary Muscles (Smooth Muscles)
found only in the heart, work constantly expand and contract the heart
Cardiac Muscles
are microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease. Can be exposed to them through blood from an open wound while providing emergency first aid or from needlsticks
Bloodborne Pathogens
are microorganisms discharged from an infected person by coughing, sneezing, laughing, or close contact. They remain suspended in the air on dust particles, and respiratory and moisture droplets
Airborne Pathogens
are liquids within the human body, such as mucus, saliva, vomit, semen, vaginal secretions, and blood
Bodily Fluids
a type of bacteria that is highly contagious and resistant to certain antibotics
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)
an airborne disease that effects the respiratory system
Tuberculosis (TB)
an injured person
Trauma Patient
a person who is ill
Medical Patient
uncontrolled servere bleeding; the number one preventable cause of trauma related deaths
Massive Hemorrhage
An obstructed ___ will restrict or completely impede a patient’s ability to breathe
Airway
To assess for ______ or breathing, look for the rise and fall of the chest or abdomen.
respirations
an abnormal shape of a body part that may indicate fractures. Compare an injured body area to a similar, uninjured area
Deformities
wet clothing may indicate external bleeding. Carefully remove or cut open the clothing to find the bleeding, and try to control it immediately
Open Injuries
a conscious patient may complain of a pain when touched. In an unresponsive patient, observe the face for pain response
Tenderness
raised skin that may indicate soft-tissue injury and fractures
Swelling
helps maintain an open airway should the patient become nauseated or vomit, and may prevent breathing restrictions, such as positional asphyxia
Recovery Position
occurs when someone’s body is in a position that interferes or prevents them from breathing adequately and leads to an insufficient intake of oxygen that the body needs
Positional Asphyxia
a life-saving component of first aid; when you need to move a patient quickly
Emergency Drags
the process of sorting and categorizing patients
Triage
meaning the patient is expected to die, but is not yet deceased
GREY
a scene that can include an active threat, multiple active threats, or any imminent danger
Direct Threat Care/ Hot Zone/ Care Under Fire
environment describes a scene in which the officer is out of imminent danger and but not yet in a safer zone
Indirect Threat Care/ Warm Zone/ Tactical Field Care
environment describes a scene in which you are moving towards transporting an injured officer to a medical treatment facility
Evacuation Care/ Cold Zone/ Tactical Evacuation Care
the failure of the heart and blood vessels to maintain enough oxygen-rich blood flowing to the vital organs of the body
Shock
any injury that is bleeding internally or has pooling blood under the skin
Closed Soft-Tissue Injury
a closed, discolored injury that is somewhat flat, tender to the touch, and has an obvious discoloration at the injury site
Bruising
a closed, discolored injury that is a raised, firm, and painful lump
Swelling
removal or loss of a limb
Amputation
a wound where the organs protrude the body
Evisceration
wound caused by a sharp object that penetrates skin
Puncture Wound
a cut on the skin
Laceration
injury to the outer layer of skin from rubbing or scraping
Abrasion
bright red blood spurting or flowing from a wound, indicating a severed or damage artery
Arterial Bleeding
dark red blood flowing steadily from a wound, indicating a severed or damage vein
Venous Bleeding
dark red blood oozing slowly from a wound, indicating damaged capillaries
Capillary Bleeding
a device that restricts the flow of blood to an extremity
Tourniquet
are (preferably) sterile pads applied directly to a wound
Dressings
a wound dressing containing an agent that promotes blood clotting. It encourages clotting at the injury site.
Hemostatic Gauze or Dressing
are coverings that hold dressings in place and do not touch the wound.
Bandages
a brain injury that occurs when sudden trauma causes damage to the brain
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)
from blunt force trauma to the chest area
Closed Chest Injury
occurs when 2 or more adjacent ribs are fractured in 2 or more places due to blunt force trauma
Flail Chest Injury
occurs when there is a penetration through the chest wall. Air and blood enter the area surrounding the lungs and create a change in the pressure of the chest cavity
Open Chest Injury
a type of open chest injury involving a larger hole in the chest wall
Sucking Chest Injury
a type of airtight dressing applied to a penetrating trauma to the chest cavity that can limit air flow entering a wound and control air flow exiting a wound
Chest Seal
acts as a one-way valve that allows air to escape the chest cavity but not enter the cavity
Vented Chest Seal
an open wound where the organs protrude from the abdominal cavity
Abdominal Evisceration
the medical term for a broken bone
Fracture
the skin at the injury site is open, and the bone may protrude through the skin
Open Fracture
the skin at the injury site remains intact
Closed Fracture
occurs when trauma forces the end of the bone from its normal position, and it comes out of its socket at the end
Dislocation
the loss or removal of a limb or body part such as a finger, toe, hand, foot, arm, or leg
Amputation
damage the first, or outermost, layer of the skin, which becomes red and feels very painful
Superficial Burn
damage the first two layers, which causes swelling and reed, white, or splotchy skin
Partial-Thickness Burn
damage all skin layers and often affect the muscles and nerves underneath
Full-Thickness Burn
prescriptions are for pain management and delivered through injection, a transdermal patch, flavored lozenges, dissolving tablets, and nasal spray
Pharmaceutical Fentanyl
a broad term that is sometimes used to refer to a group of symptoms, such as severe agitation, hyperactivity confusion, intense paranoia, and hallucinations
Excited Delirium
a chronic illness that influences how the body turns food into energy. The body to not produce or properly use insulin
Diabetes
a hormone that converts sugar, starches, and other food into energy needed for the daily life
Insulin
a burst of uncontrolled electrical activity between cells in the brain
Seizure
a respiratory condition in which the airway passage narrows due to swelling and mucus, which causes breathing difficulties
Asthma
damages part of the brain due to the rupture or blockage of a blood vessel, often caused by high blood pressure, smoking, heart disease, or diabetes
Stroke
occurs when clogged blood vessel blocks the blood flow to the heart and it does not get the oxygen it needs
Heart Attack
occurs when the body cannot recover from fluid loss;
an excessive cooling of the body’s core temperature
Hyperthermia
a localized injury from overexposure to extreme cold;
a local cold injury, is freezing or near freezing of a body part
Frostbite
substances that may cause an allergic reaction, injury, or death if introduced into the body
Poison
connects the baby to the patient and delivers oxygen and nutrients to the baby
Umbilical Cord
form during pregnancy and attaches to the uterus and the umbilical cord
Placenta
