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First Aid > Defines > Flashcards

Defines Flashcards

1
Q

occurs when you either fail to act or act inappropriately

A

Breach of Duty

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2
Q

“a duty to take some action to prevent harm to another, and for the failure of which one may be liable, depending on the relationship of the parties and the circumstances”

A

Duty to Act

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3
Q

A network of trained professionals linked to provide advanced, out-of-hospital care for victims of sudden traumatic injury or illness

A

EMS System

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4
Q

the care that you are expected to provide to the same patient under the same conditions as would any criminal justice firs-aid provider who received the same level of training

A

Standard of Care

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5
Q

is giving up a right or interest with the intention of never again claiming it

A

Abandonment

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6
Q

defined in Black’s Law Dictionary as “the failure to exercise the standard of care that a reasonably prudent person would have exercised in a similar situation; any conduct that falls below the legal standard established to protect others against unreasonable risk of harm, except for conduct that is intentionally, wantonly, or willfully disregardful of other’s rights”

A

Negligance

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7
Q

You had a legal duty to act or you failed to act in a certain way

A

Breach of Standard Care

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8
Q

you had a duty to the patient

A

Duty to act

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9
Q

your action or inaction directly resulted in the patient’s injury

A

Causation

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10
Q

the patient was harmed as a result of your actions and the court is able to compensate the patient

A

Damages

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11
Q

permission given for an action that is clearly and unmistakably stated or written by the patient or legal guardian

A

Expressed Consent

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12
Q

the assumption that a person has given permission for an action because of their actions, rather than explicitly expressed

A

Implied Consent

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13
Q

a person’s agreement to allow something to happen, made with full knowledge of the facts, benefits, risks, and alternatives

A

Informed Consent

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14
Q

is unlawful touch or strike without the person’s consent

A

Battery

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15
Q

A broad term used to describe a group of conditions that affect physical or mental functioning that arise early in life

A

Developmental Disabilities

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16
Q

“a general term for a decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with daily life”

A

Dementia

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17
Q

delivers oxygen to and removes carbon dioxide from the blood

A

Respiratory System

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18
Q

pumps blood throughout the body; it delivers oxygen and nutrients to and remove waste from the body’s tissues. Also known as cardiovascular system

A

Circulatory System

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19
Q

pumps blood throughout the body; it delivers oxygen and nutrients to and remove waste from the body’s tissues. Also known as cardiovascular system

A

Circulatory System

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20
Q

houses and protects the brain. It also gives shape and function to the face

A

The skull

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21
Q

protects the spinal cord and is the primary support for the entire body. it consists of separate bones called vertebrae that stack one on top of each other and are held together by muscles

A

Spinal Column

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22
Q

consists of the collarbone and shoulder blades

A

Shoulder Girdle

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23
Q

contain the sternum and ribs. It protects the heart, lungs, liver, and spleen

A

Rib Cage

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24
Q

protects the reproductive organs and supports the organs in the lower abdominal cavity

A

Pelvis

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25
Q

consist of the upper leg, lower leg, ankle, and foot

A

Lower Extremities

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26
Q

consist of the upper arm, lower arm (forearm), wrist, hand, and finger bones that comprise the arm

A

Upper Extremities

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27
Q

gives the body shape, protects internal organs, and allows for body movement

A

Muscular System

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28
Q

controls voluntary and involuntary body activity; it also supports higher mental functions, such as thought and emtion

A

Nervous System

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29
Q

consists of the brain and the spinal cord. Its components are the body’s “mainframe computer” and processing center

A

Central Nervous System

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30
Q

includes nerves that connect to the spinal cord and branch out to every other part of the body. These nerves serve as 2-way communication system

A

Peripheral Nervous System

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31
Q

is the largest organ of the body. It protects everything inside the body, provides a barrier against bacteria and other harmful substances and organisms, and regulates body temperature

A

Skin

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32
Q

muscles used for deliberate acts, such as chewing, bending, lifting and running

A

Voluntary Muscles

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33
Q

carry out many automatic body functions

A

Involuntary Muscles (Smooth Muscles)

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34
Q

found only in the heart, work constantly expand and contract the heart

A

Cardiac Muscles

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35
Q

are microorganisms in human blood that can cause disease. Can be exposed to them through blood from an open wound while providing emergency first aid or from needlsticks

A

Bloodborne Pathogens

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36
Q

are microorganisms discharged from an infected person by coughing, sneezing, laughing, or close contact. They remain suspended in the air on dust particles, and respiratory and moisture droplets

A

Airborne Pathogens

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37
Q

are liquids within the human body, such as mucus, saliva, vomit, semen, vaginal secretions, and blood

A

Bodily Fluids

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38
Q

a type of bacteria that is highly contagious and resistant to certain antibotics

A

Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

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39
Q

an airborne disease that effects the respiratory system

A

Tuberculosis (TB)

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40
Q

an injured person

A

Trauma Patient

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41
Q

a person who is ill

A

Medical Patient

42
Q

uncontrolled servere bleeding; the number one preventable cause of trauma related deaths

A

Massive Hemorrhage

43
Q

An obstructed ___ will restrict or completely impede a patient’s ability to breathe

A

Airway

44
Q

To assess for ______ or breathing, look for the rise and fall of the chest or abdomen.

A

respirations

45
Q

an abnormal shape of a body part that may indicate fractures. Compare an injured body area to a similar, uninjured area

A

Deformities

46
Q

wet clothing may indicate external bleeding. Carefully remove or cut open the clothing to find the bleeding, and try to control it immediately

A

Open Injuries

47
Q

a conscious patient may complain of a pain when touched. In an unresponsive patient, observe the face for pain response

A

Tenderness

48
Q

raised skin that may indicate soft-tissue injury and fractures

A

Swelling

49
Q

helps maintain an open airway should the patient become nauseated or vomit, and may prevent breathing restrictions, such as positional asphyxia

A

Recovery Position

50
Q

occurs when someone’s body is in a position that interferes or prevents them from breathing adequately and leads to an insufficient intake of oxygen that the body needs

A

Positional Asphyxia

51
Q

a life-saving component of first aid; when you need to move a patient quickly

A

Emergency Drags

52
Q

the process of sorting and categorizing patients

A

Triage

53
Q

meaning the patient is expected to die, but is not yet deceased

A

GREY

54
Q

a scene that can include an active threat, multiple active threats, or any imminent danger

A

Direct Threat Care/ Hot Zone/ Care Under Fire

55
Q

environment describes a scene in which the officer is out of imminent danger and but not yet in a safer zone

A

Indirect Threat Care/ Warm Zone/ Tactical Field Care

56
Q

environment describes a scene in which you are moving towards transporting an injured officer to a medical treatment facility

A

Evacuation Care/ Cold Zone/ Tactical Evacuation Care

57
Q

the failure of the heart and blood vessels to maintain enough oxygen-rich blood flowing to the vital organs of the body

A

Shock

58
Q

any injury that is bleeding internally or has pooling blood under the skin

A

Closed Soft-Tissue Injury

59
Q

a closed, discolored injury that is somewhat flat, tender to the touch, and has an obvious discoloration at the injury site

A

Bruising

60
Q

a closed, discolored injury that is a raised, firm, and painful lump

A

Swelling

61
Q

removal or loss of a limb

A

Amputation

62
Q

a wound where the organs protrude the body

A

Evisceration

63
Q

wound caused by a sharp object that penetrates skin

A

Puncture Wound

64
Q

a cut on the skin

A

Laceration

65
Q

injury to the outer layer of skin from rubbing or scraping

A

Abrasion

66
Q

bright red blood spurting or flowing from a wound, indicating a severed or damage artery

A

Arterial Bleeding

67
Q

dark red blood flowing steadily from a wound, indicating a severed or damage vein

A

Venous Bleeding

68
Q

dark red blood oozing slowly from a wound, indicating damaged capillaries

A

Capillary Bleeding

69
Q

a device that restricts the flow of blood to an extremity

A

Tourniquet

70
Q

are (preferably) sterile pads applied directly to a wound

A

Dressings

71
Q

a wound dressing containing an agent that promotes blood clotting. It encourages clotting at the injury site.

A

Hemostatic Gauze or Dressing

72
Q

are coverings that hold dressings in place and do not touch the wound.

A

Bandages

73
Q

a brain injury that occurs when sudden trauma causes damage to the brain

A

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

74
Q

from blunt force trauma to the chest area

A

Closed Chest Injury

75
Q

occurs when 2 or more adjacent ribs are fractured in 2 or more places due to blunt force trauma

A

Flail Chest Injury

76
Q

occurs when there is a penetration through the chest wall. Air and blood enter the area surrounding the lungs and create a change in the pressure of the chest cavity

A

Open Chest Injury

77
Q

a type of open chest injury involving a larger hole in the chest wall

A

Sucking Chest Injury

78
Q

a type of airtight dressing applied to a penetrating trauma to the chest cavity that can limit air flow entering a wound and control air flow exiting a wound

A

Chest Seal

79
Q

acts as a one-way valve that allows air to escape the chest cavity but not enter the cavity

A

Vented Chest Seal

80
Q

an open wound where the organs protrude from the abdominal cavity

A

Abdominal Evisceration

81
Q

the medical term for a broken bone

A

Fracture

82
Q

the skin at the injury site is open, and the bone may protrude through the skin

A

Open Fracture

83
Q

the skin at the injury site remains intact

A

Closed Fracture

84
Q

occurs when trauma forces the end of the bone from its normal position, and it comes out of its socket at the end

A

Dislocation

85
Q

the loss or removal of a limb or body part such as a finger, toe, hand, foot, arm, or leg

A

Amputation

86
Q

damage the first, or outermost, layer of the skin, which becomes red and feels very painful

A

Superficial Burn

87
Q

damage the first two layers, which causes swelling and reed, white, or splotchy skin

A

Partial-Thickness Burn

88
Q

damage all skin layers and often affect the muscles and nerves underneath

A

Full-Thickness Burn

89
Q

prescriptions are for pain management and delivered through injection, a transdermal patch, flavored lozenges, dissolving tablets, and nasal spray

A

Pharmaceutical Fentanyl

90
Q

a broad term that is sometimes used to refer to a group of symptoms, such as severe agitation, hyperactivity confusion, intense paranoia, and hallucinations

A

Excited Delirium

91
Q

a chronic illness that influences how the body turns food into energy. The body to not produce or properly use insulin

A

Diabetes

92
Q

a hormone that converts sugar, starches, and other food into energy needed for the daily life

A

Insulin

93
Q

a burst of uncontrolled electrical activity between cells in the brain

A

Seizure

94
Q

a respiratory condition in which the airway passage narrows due to swelling and mucus, which causes breathing difficulties

A

Asthma

95
Q

damages part of the brain due to the rupture or blockage of a blood vessel, often caused by high blood pressure, smoking, heart disease, or diabetes

A

Stroke

96
Q

occurs when clogged blood vessel blocks the blood flow to the heart and it does not get the oxygen it needs

A

Heart Attack

97
Q

occurs when the body cannot recover from fluid loss;
an excessive cooling of the body’s core temperature

A

Hyperthermia

98
Q

a localized injury from overexposure to extreme cold;
a local cold injury, is freezing or near freezing of a body part

A

Frostbite

99
Q

substances that may cause an allergic reaction, injury, or death if introduced into the body

A

Poison

100
Q

connects the baby to the patient and delivers oxygen and nutrients to the baby

A

Umbilical Cord

101
Q

form during pregnancy and attaches to the uterus and the umbilical cord

A

Placenta

First Aid (3 decks)

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