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Physics Paper 2 > Magnetics > Flashcards

Magnetics Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the 2 types of magnets

A

permanent and temporary

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2
Q

where is the magnetic field of a magnet’s strongest

A

at the poles

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3
Q

what are the 4 magnetic materials

A

iron
nickel
cobalt
steel

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4
Q

what is a permanent magnet

A

a magnet that has North and south poles all the time

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5
Q

what is a temporary magnet

A

a magnet that is made by bringing a permanent magnet near it. and it will lose its magnetic field when the permanent magnet is removed. it does not have poles

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6
Q

what is an example of a temporary magnet

A

electromagnets

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7
Q

what is a plotting compass used for

A

to plot the shape and direction of the magnetic field lines

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8
Q

an electric current will create a…

A

magnetic field

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9
Q

describe the shape of a magnetic field made by current flowing through a wire

A

a series of concentric circles

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10
Q

what method can be used to find the direction of the magnetic field created by a current-carrying wire

A

right-hand method

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11
Q

what 2 factors affect the strength of a magnetic field created by a current-carrying wire

A

size of current
distance from wire

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12
Q

what is a solenoid

A

a coil of wire that carries a current

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13
Q

describe the magnetic field of a solenoid

A
  • strong uniform magnetic field along the centre of the solenoid
  • weak field outside solenoid as opposing field lines cancel it out
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14
Q

what is the motor effect

A

when a current-carrying wire is placed near a magnet the 2 interacting magnetic fields cause the wire to experience a force

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15
Q

what rule can be used for motor effect

A

flemings left-hand rule

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16
Q

what does each finger symbolize in the left-hand rule

A

Thumb - the movement of the wire
first finger - magnetic field direction
second finger-wire current direction

17
Q

in the motor effect, if the current is parallel to the field lines there is…

A

no force

18
Q

what 2 factors can be changed to increase the size of the force in the motor effect

A

current size
magnetic field strength

19
Q

what does a split ring do

A

swaps the connection to the battery over every half-turn so the coil continues to spin in the same direction

20
Q

what is the formula for the force experienced by the wire (in motor effect)

A

force = magnetic flux density * current * length of wire

21
Q

what is electromagnetic induction

A

when a coil of wire is moved in a magnetic field to induce a current in the wire due to the interacting magnetic fields of the coil and wire

22
Q

what 2 factors can be changed to change the direction of the current induced in electromagnetic induction

A

changing the direction the wire is moving
changing the direction of the magnetic field

23
Q

what 3 factors can be changed to change the size of the current induced in electromagnetic induction

A

move wire faster
use stronger magnets
use more loops of wire

24
Q

what is a generator

A

a machine that uses electromagnetic induction to generate electricity

25
Q

what is the difference between dynamos and alternators

A

alternators create AC
dynamos create DC current

26
Q

how does a dynamo create a DC

A

every half turn the contact with carbon brushed is broken by a gap in the slip rings so that a current in the opposite direction is not induced

27
Q

what piece is used by the dynamo to create DC

A

split rings

28
Q

what idea does a microphone use to work

A

electromagnetic induction

29
Q

what idea does a loudspeaker use to work

A

motor effect

30
Q

what does a microphone do (energy)

A

converts kinetic energy into electrical energy

31
Q

what does a loudspeaker do (energy)

A

converts electrical energy into kinetic energy

Physics Paper 2 (10 decks)

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