Magnetic properties Flashcards
How is an applied magnetic field created?
created by a current through a coil
What happens due to the applied magnetic field? (2)
magnetic induction results in the material, the material changes the magnetic field
If there is nothing in the coil B=H
Magnetic susceptibility
What are the different conditions due to magnetic susceptibility? (Graph that is B (magnetic induction inside the material) against H.)
x, dimensionless
x>0 is steeper than the rest (there is a positive susceptibility, a larger field B) , vacuum x =0, x<0 (negativity susceptibility gives a smaller field B)
Why is there a magnetic moment?
The sum of moments from all electrons in a conductor an effect due to the fact the electrons can move due to these points in the magnetic field.
What is the net magnetic moment?
sum of moments from all electrons
What is the origin of magnetic moments?
electrons produce magnetic moments, there is an orbital and spin component.
What the magnetic susceptibility measure?
the response of electrons to a magnetic field
What are the three types of material response?
diamagnetic, paramagnetic and ferromagnetic
What happens to the magnetic induction and strength of the applied magnetic field when the material size changes?
The larger the material, the higher the magnetic induction (B) but the smaller the strength of applied magnetic field (H)
Rank the sizes of the three types of magnetism, ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, diamagnetic.
ferromagnetic (X as large as 10^6) > paramagentic (X ~ 10^-4) > diamagnetic (X ~ -10^-5
What happens in diamagnetic moments? before and after applying a magnetic field
No dipoles, no magnetic dipoles or bohr magnetrons before applied
Dipoles are opposed to the applied magnetic field
What happens in paramagnetic moments? before and after applying a magnetic field
Dipoles are random and present before applied
The dipoles begin to align with the applied magnetic field
What happens in ferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic moments? before and after applying a magnetic field
Dipoles are already aligned
They are aligned already with the applied magnetic field
What are diamagnetic materials?
Xm < 0
Diamagnetic materials don’t have magnetic dipoles until a magnetic field is applied – the induced magnetic dipoles align in the opposite direction (anti-align) to the applied magnetic field
Why are strong diamagnetic materials diamagnetic?
because they are good electrical conductors – any change in the magnetic field induces current in a metal that opposes the change in the magnetic field -so called Landau diamagnetism.
What are strongly diamagnetic things?
Superconductors which are excellent electrical conductors
Is water strongly diamagnetic or not?
Water is weakly diamagnetic and with a very strong B field (>10T)- it can be used to levitate objects
What are paramagnetic materials
Paramagnetic materials already have magnetic dipoles in the material and
they line up with the applied magnetic field
What are paramagnetic materials
Xm>0
Paramagnetic materials already have magnetic dipoles in the material and
they line up with the applied magnetic field