Magmatisme et roches magmatiques Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

2 Nomenclatures des roches magmatique

A

en f° de la texture ou de la composition chimique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nomenclature en f° de la texture

A

Roches holocristallines (donc plutonique)
- pegmatitique
- grenues
- microgrenues

Roches hemicristallines (donc volcaniques)
- microlithiques
- vitreuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

comment appelle t on les plus gros cristaux observables au microscopes

A

phénocristaux

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

technique de classification en f° de la composition chimique

A

calcul % vol de minéraux cardinaux
recalcul % relatif de ces minéraux
placement de ce % sur le diagramme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

minéraux cardinaux

A

Quartz, feldspaths Alcalin, feldspaths Plagioclases, feldspathoïdes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

3 conditions de fonte partielle de la lherzolite

A
  • augmentation de la T° (fonte au contact d’un manteau chaud ascendant) (deformation géotherme)
  • décompression adiabatique (diminution de la P° sans perte de chaleur) (deformation géotherme)
  • hydratation du manteau (deformation solidus)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

dessiner 3 conditions fonte partielle

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

schematiser differente roche avant apres magma

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

comment expliquer les differences de compo entre un basalte et une lherzolite ?

A
  • élement hygromagmatophiles donc variation de concentrations
  • fusion partielle donc fonte partielle des éléments chimiques = differenciation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

types de basaltes en f° du type de magma

A

magma alcalin (FP 5%) = basalte OIB
magma calco-alcalin (hydraté) = basaltes calco alcalins
magma tholéiitique (FP >20%) = basaltes MORB

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

3 types de differenciation magmatique

A

contamination ou assimilation crustal
melange de magma
cristallisation fractionnée

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

qu’est ce qu ela cristallisation fractionnée

A

mineraux hygromagmatophiles cristallisent en dernier et donc leur concentration augmente au fur et a mesure du refroidissement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

dessiner comment 1 magma peut etre à l’origine de 3 série magmatiques (roches

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

dessiner les ctxt géodyn des diff types de magma

A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly