Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

SEM II - Rad Physics > Magentism & Electricity > Flashcards

Magentism & Electricity Flashcards

0
Q

Electrodynamics

A

The study of electrical charges in motion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Electrostatics

A

The study of stationary electric charges

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Electrified

A

To produce electric charge on or in a conductor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Electric ground

A

Reference point in an electrical circuit from which voltages are measured.

A common return path for electric current.

A direct physical connection to the earth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Electrostatic force

A

The attraction or repulsion of particles or objects because of their electric charge.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Potential/potential difference

A

AKA voltage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Voltage/electromotive force (EMF)

A

The force that propels electrons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Current

A

The flow of electrons measured in amperes.

Direct current - DC - Edison

Alternating current - AC -Westinghouse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Amperage

A

AKA Current/Impedance

The number of electrons in motion

1 Amp = 6.3x10 to the 18th electrons per second

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Conductor

A

Material that readily allows the flow of electrons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Insulator

A

Material that does not allow the flow of electrons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Semiconductor

A

Under some conditions it acts as a conductor and other others as an insulator.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Circuit

A

Path over which electrons flow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Direct current (DC)

A

Current that contains a constant magnetic field, electron flow in only one constant direction. (Edison)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Alternating current (AC)

A

Current that contains a changing magnetic field, electron flow in a back and forth motion, changing directions, oscillating. (Westinghouse)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Wattage/Watt (W)

A

The unit of electrical power.

Volts x Amps = Watts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Electrical resistance

A

The force that opposes the flow of electrons.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Ohm

A

Measurement used for resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Resistor

A

Inhibits electron flow.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Magnetism/inverse square law

A

Intensity of the magnetic attraction or repulsion is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the magnet.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Natural permanent magnet

A

Occur in nature found in/on earth, “always on”, i.e. Iron oxide.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Artificial permanent magnet

A

Man made, “always on”, i.e. Steel alloy of aluminum, nickel, cobalt, ALNICO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Electromagnet

A

Man made temporary magnets, a solenoid with an iron core

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Electromagnet advantages

A

On/off switch.
Variable magnetic field.
Simple to produce.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Ferromagnetic
Highly magnetic material. Highly attracted to iron. I.E. Iron, nickel, cobalt, ALNICO.
25
Paramagnetic
Slightly magnetic material. Slightly attracted to iron. I.E. Platinum, aluminum, gadolinium
26
Diamagnetic
Always repelled by magnets (either north or south). | I.E. Lead, beryllium, bismuth
27
Nonmagnetic
Not influenced by magnets at all, neither attracted or repelled by magnets. I.E. Wood, glass, rubber, paper, plastic. Good insulator.
28
Induction
To influence without contact
29
Magnetic lines of force/lines of flux
AKA magnetic fields; flow inside and outside of a magnet form a 3 dimensional field around a magnet, undetectable to the human senses.
30
Tesla/gauss
Magnetic field strength measurements. 1 Gauss = approximate magnetic field of earth. 1 Tesla = 10,000 gauss
31
Series circuit.
All elements are connected in a line along the same conductor. Total resistance is the sum of all resistors. Current is the same over each resistor and equal to total circuit current. Sum of voltage across each circuit element is equal to entire current voltage.
32
Parallel circuit
Contains elements that are connected on the ends and not lying along a conductor. The sum of the currents thru each circuit elements is equal to the total circuit current. The voltage across each circuit element is the same and equal across each circuit element. Total resistance is the inverse of the the of the reciprocals of each individual resistor.
33
Electric motor
Machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
34
Electrical generator
Device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy.
35
Coil
Wound loops of wire
36
Solenoid
A coil with current flow.
37
Transformer
Increase or decrease voltage, electrical component that reconfigures wattage.
38
Autotransformer
An electrical transformer with only one winding.
39
Rectifier/Diode
Electrons flowing in only one direction.
40
Capacitor
Stores electric charge temperature.
41
Ohms Law
The voltage across the outer circuit of any portion of the circuit is equal to the current x resistance (V=IxR)
42
Orested's Law
Charged particles in motion will produce a magnetic field that is perpendicular to their plane in motion.
43
Faraday's Law
A changing magnetic field will induce current flow in a conductor that is with in the magnets sphere of influence
44
Magnetic fields
Always have a north and South Pole. Like poles and opposite poles work as electrical particles will. Opposite poles attract/like poles repel.
45
Electromagnets - variable strength
The number of loops of wire in a solenoid allow variable strength. The more windings the greater magnetic field strength.
46
2 important functions electromagnets serve in the X-ray circuit.
1: Transformers (3) - autotransformers - step up transformer - step down transformer 2: induction motor in the tube
47
Why an iron core?
Is induced to move by the electromagnet. OR Captures and intensifies the magnetic field produced by the solenoid.
48
Superconduction
Cooling the temperature of a coil of wire to the point that there is virtually no resistance to the flow of electrons. As amperage goes up magnetic strength goes up.
49
Laws of magnetism
Repulsion and attraction -like charges repel/opposites attract Force of attraction -as distance increases force of attraction decreases Bipolar Every magnet has two poles (north and south). If you break a magnet in 2 you have 2 smaller magnets.
50
Permeability
The ease with which a material can be magnetized.
51
Retentivity
The ability of a material to stay magnetized
52
Step up transformer
Voltage is increased from primary to secondary.
53
Step down transformer
Voltage is decreased from primary to secondary
54
Transformer stepping
How voltage is affected from primary to secondary.
55
Electrification
Occurs when an object has too many it too few electrons
56
Contact
When objects touch their charges "spread out" equally
57
Friction
When objects rub together electrons are transferred
58
Induction
Influenced without contact.
59
Coulomb's law
The electrostatic force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.
60
Electrical power
Unit: Watt Power=volts x current PIV
61
Transformers
Electrical component that reconfigures wattage. Primary - side of transformer initially supplied with current Secondary - side of transformer in which current is induced to flow
62
Series circuit resistance
Rt = R1 + R2 + R3... Meaning Resistance total equals resistance in circuit one plus circuit two plus circuit three.
63
Parallel circuit resistance
1/Rt = 1/R1 + 1/R2 + 1/R3... Meaning Resistance total is the reciprocals of the total of the various circuits.

SEM II - Rad Physics (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions