Macromolecules Flashcards

1
Q

Mention the 4 macromolecules:

A
  1. Carbohydrates
  2. Proteins
  3. Lipids
  4. Nucleic acids
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2
Q

Carbohydrates

  • Made of:
  • Monomer:
  • Used for:
  • Found in:
A
  • MADE OF: C, H, O
  • MONOMER: glucose
  • USED FOR: Quick energy (energía rápida)
  • FOUND IN: 🍞, pasta, glucosa en gel
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3
Q

Proteins

  • Made of:
  • Monomer:
  • Used for:
  • Found in:
A
  • MADE OF: C, H, O,N
  • MONOMER: Amino acids
  • USED TO: Build muscle/bone, controls rate of reactions (enzymes)
  • FOUND IN: 🍗, 🥚, 🥩, 🐟

NOTE: Side chain, or “R” group determines the type of amino acid

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4
Q

Lipids

  • Made of:
  • Monomer:
  • Used for:
  • Found in:
A
  • MADE OF: C, H, O
  • MONOMER: Glycerol and Fatty acids = Triglicerids
  • USED FOR: Energy storage + body insulation
  • FOUND IN: 🧈
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5
Q

Nucleic acids

  • Made of:
  • Monomer:
  • Used for:
  • Found in:
A
  • MADE OF: C, H, O, N, P
  • MONOMER: Nucleotides
  • USED FOR: Storing + transmitting instructions to make proteins
  • FOUND IN: DNA and RNA 🧬
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6
Q

Components of cellular respiration

La foto de la ranita:

A

Glucose + Oxygen —-> Carbon Dioxide + Water

En medio de la flechita hay calor llendose

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7
Q

What are we made of?

A

All living beings are built by a limited set of carbon-based molecules.

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8
Q

Differential thing that living beings have:

A

Ability to exchange matter and energy con la autoregeneración y la reproducción

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9
Q

Los principios de la termodinámica son la base para entender:

A

La bioenergetica

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10
Q

What is Thermodynamics?

A

Rama de la física que se concentra en convertir la energía en forma de calor y trabajo.

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11
Q

What does the 1° Principle of Thermodynamics state?

A

States that in any physical or chemical change, the total amount of energy in the universe remains constant.

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12
Q

What does the 2° Principle of Thermodynamics state?

A

States that in all natural processes the entropy or desorder of the universe increase.

  • EJ. como una 🍎 y tendré energía alta 🔋 pero mientras más la vaya destruyendo la haré 💩 y tendré menos energía 🪫

  • A + transfromación de energía + desorden
  • Mientras + desorden tenga - seré potencial para hacer trabajo
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13
Q

USANDO LAS LEYES DE LA TERMODINAMICA

Explicar el ejemplo de la persona comiendo hot-dog

🌭🚶🏻→
⇤ ⇢

🌭 = que esta comiendo?
→ = que esta sacando el cuerpo?
⇢ = que esta gastando el cuerpo?
⇤ = gracias a que energia esta caminando?

A

🌭🚶🏻→
⇤ ⇢

🌭 = macromoleculas complejas → = H2O y CO2 ⇢ = Calor ⇤ = Energía cinética
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14
Q

¿Cuál es la tendencia del universo?

A

El desorden

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15
Q

¿Cómo se le llamaba al orden biológico?

A

Homeostasis

Nuestro cuerpo siempre trata de estar en homeostasis y si se rompe incian las patologías

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16
Q

¿Qué son las Biomoléculas?

A

Se distinguen por su alto grado de organización.

  • Ej. Proteínas o ácidos nucleicos
17
Q

¿La membrana esta organizada?

A

Si, parecen una paleta 🍭