Bioenergetics Flashcards

1
Q

Mention the 2 types of living beings:

A
  1. Autotrophic organisms
  2. Heterotrophic organisms
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2
Q

Explain Autotrophic organisms

  • Example
  • Source of energy
  • Source of carbon
A
  • Example: Photosynthetic bacteria and higher plants
  • Source of energy: Solar energy 🌻
  • Source of carbon: Atmospheric CO2 to form its molecules

Fotosintesis

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3
Q

Explain Heterotrophic organisms

  • Example
  • Source of energy
  • Source of carbon
A
  • Example: Humans 💁
  • Source of energy and matter (carbon): Organic molecules (synthesized by autotrophic organisms)

Obtienen la energía a través de la digestión

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4
Q

What are the biomolecules ingested with food?

A

Are the supply (suministro) of matter and energy.

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5
Q

Of what matter is constituted?

A

Chemical elements (CHONP)

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6
Q

Of what energy is constituted?

A

Chemical bonds (enlaces químicos)

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7
Q

¿La degradación (de materia y energía) qué le va a permitir generar a los organismos heterotrofos?

Lo pueden usar en funciones biologicas

A

Energía metabolica

Es la unión de los elementos químicos (CHONP) –> nos dan materia JUNTO con los enlaces bioquímicos –> nos dan energía

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8
Q

Describes the transfer and utilization of energy 🔋 in biological systems.

A

Bioenergetics.

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9
Q

Bioenergetics:

Mention where the concept of FREE ENERGY comes:

A

Describes the transfer and utilization of energy 🔋 in biological systems.

It comes from THERMODYNAMIC

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10
Q
  1. What does Bioenergetics predicts?
  2. What does Kinetic measure predicts?
A
  1. If a process is possible
  2. How fast the reaction occurs
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11
Q

In bioenergetics we only care of:

A

The initial and final energy of reaction components.

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12
Q

Type of energy that tells us how predictable a reaction is to happen or not happen:

A

Free energy

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13
Q

Free energy:

A

It tells us how predictable a reaction is to happen or not happen.

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14
Q

What type of energy can be by agitation or by the power that these molecules already have (kinetic energy):

A

Thermal energy or heat

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15
Q

Thermal energy or heat:

A

It can be by agitation or by the power that these molecules already have (kinetic energy)

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16
Q

Unit of measure of Thermal energy:

A

Calorie

1kcal caloría es lo que se necesita para subir 1° C de temperatura de 1gr de agua.

17
Q

What is the type of energy that is by the application of force and the displacement and deformation of a body:

A

Mechanical energy or work

18
Q

Mechanical energy or work:

A

It is by the application of force and the displacement and deformation of a body.

19
Q

Unit of measure of Mechanical energy or work:

A

Joule

1J (Joule) es igual a ejercer 1N (Newton) de fuerza y desplazarla 1m.

20
Q

Type of energy that expresses how much potential is in a reaction to react:

It expresses how much energy I have to generate work (reaction)

A

Gibbs free energy or Gibbs available energy

21
Q

Gibbs free energy or Gibbs available energy:

A
  • It expresses how much potential is there in a reaction to react.
  • It expresses how much energy I have to generate work (reaction)
  • The less energy and components I have, the less it can react
22
Q

Unit of measure of Gibs free energy or Gibbs available energy:

A

Calorie and Joules

1 caloría = 4,184 Joules

23
Q

IN GIBBS FREE ENERGY:

Mention the 2 types of energy:

A
  1. Exergonic energy
  2. Endergonic energy
24
Q

IN GIBBS FREE ENERGY

Describe Exergonic energy

  • What do I do with energy
  • Example in life
  • Is heterotrophic or autrotrophic organism
A
  • Saca energía (libera energía) (RELEASE)
  • EJ. como alimentos y la saco en popo 💩 …. Da mucha energía pero la terminamos sacando en popo
  • EJ. Organismo heterótrofo
25
Q

IN GIBBS FREE ENERGY

Describe Endergonic energy

  • What do I do with energy
  • Example in life
  • Is heterotrophic or autrotrophic organism
A
  • Utilizo energía (consume energía) (ABSORBE)
  • EJ. Fotosíntesis 🌻 …. Una planta le damos el Sol, CO2, H2O y nos da glucosa, aminoácidos para que nosotros los usemos como queramos
  • EJ. Organismo autótrofo