Bioenergetics

Question 1

Mention the 2 types of living beings:

Answer 1

1. Autotrophic organisms
2. Heterotrophic organisms

Question 2

Explain Autotrophic organisms

• Example
• Source of energy
• Source of carbon

Answer 2

• Example: Photosynthetic bacteria and higher plants
• Source of energy: Solar energy 🌻
• Source of carbon: Atmospheric CO2 to form its molecules

Fotosintesis

Question 3

Explain Heterotrophic organisms

• Example
• Source of energy
• Source of carbon

Answer 3

• Example: Humans 💁
• Source of energy and matter (carbon): Organic molecules (synthesized by autotrophic organisms)

Obtienen la energía a través de la digestión

Question 4

What are the biomolecules ingested with food?

Answer 4

Are the supply (suministro) of matter and energy.

Question 5

Of what matter is constituted?

Answer 5

Chemical elements (CHONP)

Question 6

Of what energy is constituted?

Answer 6

Chemical bonds (enlaces químicos)

Question 7

¿La degradación (de materia y energía) qué le va a permitir generar a los organismos heterotrofos?

Lo pueden usar en funciones biologicas

Answer 7

Energía metabolica

Es la unión de los elementos químicos (CHONP) –> nos dan materia JUNTO con los enlaces bioquímicos –> nos dan energía

Question 8

Describes the transfer and utilization of energy 🔋 in biological systems.

Answer 8

Bioenergetics.

Question 9

Bioenergetics:

Mention where the concept of FREE ENERGY comes:

Answer 9

Describes the transfer and utilization of energy 🔋 in biological systems.

It comes from THERMODYNAMIC

Question 10

1. What does Bioenergetics predicts?
2. What does Kinetic measure predicts?

Answer 10

1. If a process is possible
2. How fast the reaction occurs

Question 11

In bioenergetics we only care of:

Answer 11

The initial and final energy of reaction components.

Question 12

Type of energy that tells us how predictable a reaction is to happen or not happen:

Answer 12

Free energy

Question 13

Free energy:

Answer 13

It tells us how predictable a reaction is to happen or not happen.

Question 14

What type of energy can be by agitation or by the power that these molecules already have (kinetic energy):

Answer 14

Thermal energy or heat

Question 15

Thermal energy or heat:

Answer 15

It can be by agitation or by the power that these molecules already have (kinetic energy)

Question 16

Unit of measure of Thermal energy:

Answer 16

Calorie

1kcal caloría es lo que se necesita para subir 1° C de temperatura de 1gr de agua.

Question 17

What is the type of energy that is by the application of force and the displacement and deformation of a body:

Answer 17

Mechanical energy or work

Question 18

Mechanical energy or work:

Answer 18

It is by the application of force and the displacement and deformation of a body.

Question 19

Unit of measure of Mechanical energy or work:

Answer 19

Joule

1J (Joule) es igual a ejercer 1N (Newton) de fuerza y desplazarla 1m.

Question 20

Type of energy that expresses how much potential is in a reaction to react:

It expresses how much energy I have to generate work (reaction)

Answer 20

Gibbs free energy or Gibbs available energy

Question 21

Gibbs free energy or Gibbs available energy:

Answer 21

• It expresses how much potential is there in a reaction to react.
• It expresses how much energy I have to generate work (reaction)
• The less energy and components I have, the less it can react

Question 22

Unit of measure of Gibs free energy or Gibbs available energy:

Answer 22

Calorie and Joules

1 caloría = 4,184 Joules

Question 23

IN GIBBS FREE ENERGY:

Mention the 2 types of energy:

Answer 23

1. Exergonic energy
2. Endergonic energy

Question 24

IN GIBBS FREE ENERGY

Describe Exergonic energy

• What do I do with energy
• Example in life
• Is heterotrophic or autrotrophic organism

Answer 24

• Saca energía (libera energía) (RELEASE)
• EJ. como alimentos y la saco en popo 💩 …. Da mucha energía pero la terminamos sacando en popo
• EJ. Organismo heterótrofo

Question 25

IN GIBBS FREE ENERGY

Describe Endergonic energy

• What do I do with energy
• Example in life
• Is heterotrophic or autrotrophic organism

Answer 25

• Utilizo energía (consume energía) (ABSORBE)
• EJ. Fotosíntesis 🌻 …. Una planta le damos el Sol, CO2, H2O y nos da glucosa, aminoácidos para que nosotros los usemos como queramos
• EJ. Organismo autótrofo