Macro nutirents

Question 1

What is a macro nutrient?

Answer 1

Nutrients needed in the body in large amounts

Question 2

What are the three macro nutrients?

Answer 2

Protein, Carbohydrates and Fat

Question 3

Describe LBV proteins

Answer 3

Where a protein lacks one or more of the essential amino acids therefore has low biological value. Normally from vegetable sources

Question 4

Describe HBV proteins

Answer 4

]Where a protein has all of the essential amino acids therefore has high biological value. Normally from animal sources

Question 5

Two functions of protein

Answer 5

1. Growth and repair of body cells
2. (Secondary source) Source of energy

Question 6

Two sources of HBV proteins

Answer 6

1. Chicken
2. Eggs

Question 7

Two sources of LBV proteins

Answer 7

1. Beans
2. Lentils

Question 8

What happens if you have too much protein?

Answer 8

Protein can be converted into fat which can lead to obesity if excess if not used as energy

Question 9

What happens if you do not have enough protein?

Answer 9

Tissues take longer to heal and growth in children is stunted.

Question 10

What are the two groups of carbohydrates?

Answer 10

Sugars (Monosaccharides and Disaccharides) and Starch (TCC and NSP)

Question 11

What is monosaccharides sugar?

Answer 11

A natural sugar found in fruit

Question 12

What is disaccharides sugar?

Answer 12

Refined sugar found in cakes, biscuits, soft drinks, ect

Question 13

What does TCC stand for?

Answer 13

Total complex carbohydrate

Question 14

What does NSP stand for?

Answer 14

Non-starch polysaccharides

Question 15

What is NSP?

Answer 15

(Dietary fibre) Essential for the body to function.

Question 16

Two sources of NSP

Answer 16

1. Wholemeal bread
2. Brown rice

Question 17

Two sources of TCC

Answer 17

1. Pasta
2. Bananas

Question 18

What is a TCC?

Answer 18

They bulk out the diet and make you feel fuller for longer therefore are less likely to snack on a sugary snack or fatty foods. The recommended main source of carbohydrates.

Question 19

Why is sugar called “empty calories”

Answer 19

There is no nutritional value therefore is recommended to get a rich source of carbohydrates

Question 20

What is intrinsic sugar?

Answer 20

Natural sugar found in fruits and vegetables

Question 21

What is extrinsic sugar?

Answer 21

Added to foods known as (NMES) non-milk extrinsic sugar

Question 22

What are the two groups of fats?

Answer 22

Saturated and unsaturated

Question 23

What are saturated fats?

Answer 23

Animal fats. Diet high in animal fats raises blood cholesterol levels, low density lipoprotein (LDL) ‘bad’ cholesterol. Sticks to arteries and leads to blood clots and blocks arteries.

Question 24

What are unsaturated fats?

Answer 24

Vegetable fats. Mono and polyunsaturated fats help lower LDL cholesterol. Increase ‘good’ cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL). HDL takes LDL away from arteries and reduces blood clots and blocks.

Question 25

Two sources of unsaturated fats

Answer 25

1. Avocados
2. Nuts and seeds

Question 26

Two sources of saturated fats

Answer 26

1. Meat and meat products(pies, burgers)
2. Butter

Question 27

What is an essential fatty acid?

Answer 27

(EFA) Necessary fats that humans cannot produce, they must be obtained in the diet.

Question 28

What is omega 3?

Answer 28

An essential fatty acid

Question 29

Two functions of omega 3

Answer 29

1. Essential for brain development in babies and young children
2. Helps reduce blood clots, heart attacks and rheumatoid arthritis

Question 30

Two sources of omega 3

Answer 30

1. Oily fish
2. Fish

Question 31

What are 4 functions of fat?

Answer 31

1. Provide essential fatty acids
2. Surround and protect vital organs
3. Provide warmth through insulated layer
4. Concentrated source of energy

Question 32

What happens if you have too much fat?

Answer 32

Can lead to obesity, high blood pressure and coronary heart disease.

Question 33

What happens if you don’t have enough fat?

Answer 33

Intakes of fat soluble vitamins and essential fatty acids such as omega 3 may be reduced

Question 34

What are trans fatty acids?

Answer 34

(Hydrogenated fats) the process when polyunsaturated fats are artificially hardened through extra hydrogen. Trans fatty acids increase risk of heart disease. Found in cakes, biscuits and chips.