macOS Flashcards
Which OS uses the .dmg file extension? And what is it for?
macOS uses .dmg file extension - it’s an Apple Disk Image - mountable as a drive in Finder (mac’s version of explorer). Used to distribute software.
Which OS uses the .pkg file extension? And what is it for?
macOS - Installer package -.pkg is the macOS equivalent of a Windows setup.exe file.
What file extensions are a .pkg and .dmg macOS equivalent to in Windows OS?
.dmg is equivalent to Windows .iso file - disk image file - mountable as a drive in Finder (Windows Explorer equivalent)
.pkg is equivalent to a setup.exe file in windows - used to install software/applications
What is a .app file?
Application file in macOS, contains the necessary files to run/use an application. You can “view package contents” from the Finder.
The Windows equivalent of an .app file is .exe
Where would you go to update apps on a Mac?
App store - centralised management of all app and OS updates and patches.
How would you uninstall an application/program on a mac?
Delete the .app file.
What would you use to manage MDM on Apple devices in a company?
Apple Business Manager - integrates with Active Directory and can link MDM - assign/move apps and content to selected users.
What is Time Machine?
macOS inbuilt feature that backs up/creates restore points automatically: hourly, daily, weekly and monthly until the designated storage becomes full and then starts deleting the oldest back ups and replacing them with the newest.
Time Machine - first in last out.
Does macOS ship with any anti-virus or anti-malware features/apps?
No macOS doesn’t have any inbuilt AV/AM, but you can install lots of third party ones on a mac.
What’s the Win Control Panel equivalent of macOS?
System Preferences (macOS)
By default macOS doesn’t let apps access/view any private data unless you enable it, where would you go to do this?
System Preferences->Security and Privacy->Privacy->Select the apps you want to enable to see private data on an app by app basis.
Where would you find Accessibility tab/options within System Preferences on a Mac?
Within the Security and Privacy tab there is an Accessibility tab.
What is Mission Control and how do you activate it?
A macOS feature that enables you to see all currently open windows side by side and gives you the ability to open multiple desktop instances called SPACES - used to group together related processes/windows.
Open Mission Control with CTRL + Up Arrow or swiping up on an iPad
What are Spaces (macOS)?
Instances of desktops used to group related tasks together. They can be managed via Mission Control (CTRL+Up Arrow)
What is the purpose of the Keychain macOS feature?
Keychain is a password/certificate management and storage feature that uses 256 bit encryption and is integrated into the OS. Lockbox for sensitive information - login password allows you access (is the key).
What utility would you use to a specific text string within a document on a mac?
Spotlight - similar to windows search tool - used to find specific folders, files and information within those files.
If you lose your iPhone what Apple feature allows you to recover it all?
iCloud - remote backup of all things connected to your Apple account such as:
-documents (iCloud drive - works like Google drive)
-pictures
-contacts
It also allows you to sync these things across iOS, macOS and iPadOS devices.
What macOS feature allows you to use a trackpad to customise different motions (finger movements) to certain tasks?
Gestures - is a macOS feature that lets you assign things like “swipe left to right” on trackpad to open Notification center or “pinch” to open Launchpad.
What’s Apple’s equivalent of Windows File Explorer feature?
Finder (macOS - file management).
What’s the Dock on macOS?
A taskbar of pinned/customisable programs or folders (icons) that can be quickly launched at the tap of a button (have a dot under the icon when running/opened)
Can customise the dock and menu bar behaviour and location via System Preferences/Dock and Menu bar
What’s the Apple equivalent of Disk Management?
Disk Utility - is the Apple tool used to manage disks and partitions and restore from an image.
Where would you manage FDE on a mac?
System preferences/Security & Privacy/FileVault - fully encrypts drives.
What’s the mac equivalent of command line?
Terminal - is the macOS Command Line Interface (CLI) used to access the OS, run scripts, configure application settings.
How do you use force quit on a mac to manually force close an application?
Command+Option+Esc
or hold the Option key when right clicking the app icon in the Dock.
Forces an application closed when it’s not responding without having to reboot the entire system.
How would you make a macOS app start automatically each time you login?
Login Items
Apple Menu/System Settings/Login Items
Login Items is the equivalent of Startup Apps on Windows.
