macOS

Question 1

Which OS uses the .dmg file extension? And what is it for?

Answer 1

macOS uses .dmg file extension - it’s an Apple Disk Image - mountable as a drive in Finder (mac’s version of explorer). Used to distribute software.

Question 2

Which OS uses the .pkg file extension? And what is it for?

Answer 2

macOS - Installer package -.pkg is the macOS equivalent of a Windows setup.exe file.

Question 3

What file extensions are a .pkg and .dmg macOS equivalent to in Windows OS?

Answer 3

.dmg is equivalent to Windows .iso file - disk image file - mountable as a drive in Finder (Windows Explorer equivalent)
.pkg is equivalent to a setup.exe file in windows - used to install software/applications

Question 4

What is a .app file?

Answer 4

Application file in macOS, contains the necessary files to run/use an application. You can “view package contents” from the Finder.

The Windows equivalent of an .app file is .exe

Question 5

Where would you go to update apps on a Mac?

Answer 5

App store - centralised management of all app and OS updates and patches.

Question 6

How would you uninstall an application/program on a mac?

Answer 6

Delete the .app file.

Question 7

What would you use to manage MDM on Apple devices in a company?

Answer 7

Apple Business Manager - integrates with Active Directory and can link MDM - assign/move apps and content to selected users.

Question 8

What is Time Machine?

Answer 8

macOS inbuilt feature that backs up/creates restore points automatically: hourly, daily, weekly and monthly until the designated storage becomes full and then starts deleting the oldest back ups and replacing them with the newest.

Time Machine - first in last out.

Question 9

Does macOS ship with any anti-virus or anti-malware features/apps?

Answer 9

No macOS doesn’t have any inbuilt AV/AM, but you can install lots of third party ones on a mac.

Question 10

What’s the Win Control Panel equivalent of macOS?

Answer 10

System Preferences (macOS)

Question 11

By default macOS doesn’t let apps access/view any private data unless you enable it, where would you go to do this?

Answer 11

System Preferences->Security and Privacy->Privacy->Select the apps you want to enable to see private data on an app by app basis.

Question 12

Where would you find Accessibility tab/options within System Preferences on a Mac?

Answer 12

Within the Security and Privacy tab there is an Accessibility tab.

Question 13

What is Mission Control and how do you activate it?

Answer 13

A macOS feature that enables you to see all currently open windows side by side and gives you the ability to open multiple desktop instances called SPACES - used to group together related processes/windows.

Open Mission Control with CTRL + Up Arrow or swiping up on an iPad

Question 14

What are Spaces (macOS)?

Answer 14

Instances of desktops used to group related tasks together. They can be managed via Mission Control (CTRL+Up Arrow)

Question 15

What is the purpose of the Keychain macOS feature?

Answer 15

Keychain is a password/certificate management and storage feature that uses 256 bit encryption and is integrated into the OS. Lockbox for sensitive information - login password allows you access (is the key).

Question 16

What utility would you use to a specific text string within a document on a mac?

Answer 16

Spotlight - similar to windows search tool - used to find specific folders, files and information within those files.

Question 17

If you lose your iPhone what Apple feature allows you to recover it all?

Answer 17

iCloud - remote backup of all things connected to your Apple account such as:
-documents (iCloud drive - works like Google drive)
-pictures
-contacts

It also allows you to sync these things across iOS, macOS and iPadOS devices.

Question 18

What macOS feature allows you to use a trackpad to customise different motions (finger movements) to certain tasks?

Answer 18

Gestures - is a macOS feature that lets you assign things like “swipe left to right” on trackpad to open Notification center or “pinch” to open Launchpad.

Question 19

What’s Apple’s equivalent of Windows File Explorer feature?

Answer 19

Finder (macOS - file management).

Question 20

What’s the Dock on macOS?

Answer 20

A taskbar of pinned/customisable programs or folders (icons) that can be quickly launched at the tap of a button (have a dot under the icon when running/opened)

Can customise the dock and menu bar behaviour and location via System Preferences/Dock and Menu bar

Question 21

What’s the Apple equivalent of Disk Management?

Answer 21

Disk Utility - is the Apple tool used to manage disks and partitions and restore from an image.

Question 22

Where would you manage FDE on a mac?

Answer 22

System preferences/Security & Privacy/FileVault - fully encrypts drives.

Question 23

What’s the mac equivalent of command line?

Answer 23

Terminal - is the macOS Command Line Interface (CLI) used to access the OS, run scripts, configure application settings.

Question 24

How do you use force quit on a mac to manually force close an application?

Answer 24

Command+Option+Esc
or hold the Option key when right clicking the app icon in the Dock.

Forces an application closed when it’s not responding without having to reboot the entire system.

Question 25

How would you make a macOS app start automatically each time you login?

Answer 25

Login Items

Apple Menu/System Settings/Login Items

Login Items is the equivalent of Startup Apps on Windows.