M93 - Chapter 2 Flashcards
What is the Flash Point?
The point a solid, liquid or gas is heated to a temperature that makes it burn or explode.
What is the Auto ignition temperature (AIT)?
For flammable liquids its where they automatically ignite, as long as oxygen is present.
What two acts give regulation for safe storage of chemicals.
COSHH - Control of substances hazardous to health 2002
DSEAR - Dangerous Substances & explosive atmosphere regulations 2002
4 tests to manage fire damage via Building Construction?
Minimise contribution via the fabric of the building - Use best materials to reduce first damage class ‘0’ finishes are the best according to BSA.
Restrict fire to place of origin - Use materials to ‘Compartmentalise’ the fire to one place
Preserve the structure - Asses if after a fire the core structures will be in tact (reducing claims costs)
Restrict External fire spread - Reduce the change of the fire spreading to other buildings.
5 ‘New’ materials used in building construction as they are cheap, energy efficient and quick to construct.
Sandwich panels Composite panels Factory produced panels Site-assembled panels Built up cladding systems
After several bad fires across UK/Europe in food processing plants - What two loss prevention standards were created?
LPS 1181 - Test and evaluate sandwich panels
LPS 1208 - Fire resistance test for compartment walls and floors to contain the fire.
Maximum throw of a fire hose?
22.5m
Different building grades
1 - Exceptional interest (2.5%)
2 - Special interest and particular importance (5.8%)
3 - National importance and of special interest (91.7%)
5 Types of fire extinguisher
Water - Paper/wood
Foam - Burning liquid
CO2 - Electrical
Dry Powder - Burning liquid, electrical and to subdue solids for short period.
Wet Chemical - High temp fires EG Deep Fat Fryers
Halon - Not used as bad for environment
3 Types of fire alarm
Manual - One bell or siren
Manual/Electric - Manually activate but sets off multiple alarms EG Break glass
Automatic - Sense temperature, smoke or radiation.
3 Purposes of sprinkler system
- Detect
- Sound alarm
- Control of fire
Key points of the Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005
Applies to all properties to which the public have access (But not private homes or off-shore)
A ‘responsible person’ has to arrange for a fire risk assessment.
A ‘competent person’ must carry out the assessment and if over 5 people employed, record the findings.
What does the Electricity at work regulations ACT 1989 make statutory law?
Makes maintenance of electrical systems a statutory requirement.
I think! This includes PAT testing.
4 Types of sprinkler system
Wet pipe
Alternate
Dry pip
Pre-action/drencher
How often do portable and non-portable appliances have to be checked by an Electrician legally?
Fixed/Non-portable - 5 Years
Portable - N/a
What is generally considered normal room temp?
20c
Armed with FP and AIT information, what will a surveyor be looking for?
Safety of storage arrangements
Safety of processes
Adequacy of fire detection and extinguishers
What quantity of substances will a surveyor allow in a steel cabinet
50 Litre, anything more will need to be in an brick outbounding
Basic purposes of buildings fire protection (4)
Minimise contribution from the building fabric - Ideally using class ‘0’ materials
Restrict fire to the room of origin (Compartmentation)
Preserve the structure
Restrict external fire spread
Typical materials used in in building construction
Brickwork
Steel work
Stonework
Steelwork (Normally requires fire protection) will last about 30 minutes at 600c
Aluminium (Weakens significantly at 200c) & melts (550c - 650c)
New types of building construction
PODS - Prefabricated Modular Construction
SIPS - Structurally insulated panel systems
Both are cheap and easy to build, they offer low structural integrity and there is little loss information, so the remain seldom used.
They are used to construct class rooms and chalets.
2 x other types of building construction
Timber Framed - Quick and simple to build, lower fire resistance.
Cladding - Grenville tower.
For vertical fire spread in buildings, non-combustible materials are essential to prevent fire spread, why is metal not so good?
It heats up, and radiates heat to floors around. (Mainly up)
How does fire spread horizontally
By consuming combustible materials available, EG stock outside.
Site planning and compartmentalisation is important to prevent this issue, the fire can spread quick and fire brigade can be far away
