M5 REV Flashcards
X is the statistical study of human populations, especially with reference to size and
density, distribution, and vital statistics
Demography
X are the main components of demography
Birth, death, and migration
Birth, death, and migration are the only
metrics in demography that can be used to describe a population
false (marami pang iba)
The reason why birth, death, and migration are the main components of demography is because
these are the X
primary agents of population change
X is a change in population that is the result of
either birth or death.
natural change
X refers to every individual person’s potential to
produce an offspring.
fecundity
unintentional abortion
spontaneous abortion
intentional abortion
induced abortion
X is the deliberate use of artificial methods to
prevent pregnancy from sexual intercourse
contraception
X is the act of modifying a person’s
anatomy so that he or she would be incapable of conception.
sterilization
X refers to the transition of who in a population
gets affected the most by diseases and other ailments
Epidemiologic transition
X rates is a reflection of how males have a shorter life expectancy than females
High widowhood
X is the act of leaving a territory with the intent of
settling somewhere else
Emigration
X is the act of entering a territory with the intent of settling
there
Immigration
X refers to how our ancestors were
nomadic and have been migrating even before globalization began
human migrations
X is a type of migration where the person
migrating is doing so against his/her will
forced migration
The distribution of populations can be defined at X and with different X
multiple levels
types of boundaries
multiple levels of populations
local, regional, national, global
types of boundaries of populations
political,
economic, geographic
Growth in the human global population did not coincide with advancements in science and
technology
false (did concide)
As science and technology grows, the human population X
grows too
A growing population raises
concerns. One related concept to this is X
“carrying capacity”
X refers to the
number of people, other living organisms, or crops that a region can support without
environmental degradation.
Carrying capacity
The scientific community commonly estimate that the Earth’s
carrying capacity is at X humans
9 to 10 billion
One of the models/theories used to explain why the human global population has become so high is
the X
demographic transition model
X shows the different stages that
societies go through as they move towards industrialization.
demographic transition
Stage: both birth rates and death rates are high
1
Stage: the introduction of modern medicine
lowers death rates, especially among children, while birth rates remain high
2
Stage: birth
rates gradually decrease, usually as a result of improved economic conditions, an increase in
women’s status, and access to contraception
3
Stage: birth and death rates are both low,
stabilizing the population
4
X countries tend to have stronger economies, higher levels of
education, better healthcare, a higher proportion of working women, and a fertility rate
hovering around two children per woman
Stage 4
Stage: fertility rates have fallen significantly
below replacement level (2 children) and the elderly population is greater than the youthful
population.
5
As countries move from Stage 1 to Stage 5 of the demographic transition, their population will
steadily X while their birth and death rates will steadily X
increase
decrease
X is the movement of people from one place to another with the intention of
settling, permanently or temporarily at a new location
Human migration
X has identified some theories that explain why people migrate
European Commission
Theory of migration: decisions to migrate are taken at the individual level and
consider that higher earnings, in the long run, compensate for the cost and risk of relocating.
neoclassical theory of migration
Theory of migration: the migration decision is often taken collectively,
especially within households. Migration of selected family members may be used to mitigate
risks and diversify income resources for the entire family
new economics theory of migration
Theory of migration: migratory movements are often connected to
prior long-standing links between sending and receiving countries, like commercial or cultural
relationships.
migration system and networks theory
Theory of migration: there are groups that push people to migrate be it legal
or illegal.
institutional theory of migration
Theory of migration: suggests that people are encouraged
by receiving countries to migrate so they could do the jobs that citizens of the receiving country
are not willing to do
The dual or segmented labor market theory of migration
Theory of migration: emphasizes migration from peripheral developing
countries to core capitalist ones. Migrants flow from the periphery to the core while capital,
machinery, and goods flow from the core to the periphery
The world system theory of migration
Theory of migration: refers to the transition of countries through a series
of demographic and societal stages
The mobility transition theory of migration
Theory of migration: argues that migration is strongly influenced by
immigration policies implemented by countries.
The last is the policies theory of migration.
for every single migration activity, multiple theories can be applicable
true
X are things
that exist within a country of origin that pushes a person away such as war, crime, a threat to life,
etc
Push factors of migration
X are things that exist within a destination country that entices a
person to move there such as higher-paying jobs, free health care, etc.
Pull factors of migration
X such as a country’s economic position, level of industrialization, etc. is
also one of the driving forces of migration
Macro level processes
X such as a person’s talents,
knowledge, skills, etc. is also one of the driving forces.
Micro level processes
X is the dispersal of an ethnic population from an original homeland into foreign areas
by force because of traumatic reasons
diaspora
X are groups of persons who were forced to leave their place of origin in order to escape
war, persecution, or natural disaster
Refugees
X are individual persons who apply for refuge in a foreign country due to a fear of
religious or political persecution in his or her country of origin.
Asylum seekers
