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Criminal Justice > M2 Study Guide > Flashcards

M2 Study Guide Flashcards

1
Q

A statistical reporting program run by the FBI’s Criminal Justice Information Service (CJIS) division. This program publishes the Crime in the United States, which provides an annual summation of the incident and rate of reported crimes throughout the United States. This program is known as the

A

Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR)

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2
Q

An annual survey selected American households conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics to determine the extent of criminal victimization- especially unreported victimization- in the United States. This survey is known as the

A

National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)

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3
Q

A US department of Justice agency responsible for the collection of criminal justice data, including the annual National crime Victimization Survey. This department is called

A

The Bureau of Justice Statistics (BJS)

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4
Q

Crime measures based on surveys that ask respondents to reveal any illegal activity in which they have been involved. These types of reports may provide knowledge about previously unreported crimes. This term is known as

A

Self-Reports

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5
Q

Crime that is not reported to justice agencies, and which is generally not known to the police (unless otherwise discovered). This term is defined as

A

Unreported Crimes

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6
Q

An incident based report system that collects data on every single crime occurrence. This type of data will soon supersede the kinds of summary data that have traditionally been provided by the FBI’s Uniform Crime Reporting Program. This system is called

A

The National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS)

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7
Q

A bureau of justice statistics (BJS)- sponsored program designed to generate nationally representative incident-based data on crimes reported to law enforcement agencies is known as the

A

National Crime Statistics Exchange

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8
Q

A UCR/NIBRS summary offense category that traditionally includes burglary, larceny-theft, arson, and motor vehicle theft are defined as

A

Property Crimes

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8
Q

A UCR/NIBRS summary offense category that traditionally includes, murder, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault. These crimes are also called personal crimes. What word defines this summary?

A

VIolent Crimes

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9
Q

A measure of investigative effectiveness that compares the number of crimes reported or discovered to the number of crimes solved through arrest or other means (such as the death of the suspect). This term is known as a

A

Clearance Rate

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10
Q

The unlawful killing of one human being by another is defined as

A

Murder

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11
Q

What degree of murder is a criminal homicide that is planned?

A

First Degree Murder

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12
Q

What degree of murder is an intentional and unlawful killing but one that is generally unplanned and that happens “in the heat of the moment”?

A

Second-degree murder

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13
Q

Which is the smallest numerical category in the Part 1 offenses?

A

Murder

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14
Q

A traditional UCR/NIBRS offense group used to report murder, rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson, as defined under the FBI’s UCR/NIBRS Program. What type of offense group is described?

A

Part 1 Offenses

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15
Q

Unlawful sexual intercourse achieved through force and without consent. More specifically, penetration, no matter how slight, of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person without the consent of the victim is defined as

A

Rape

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16
Q

Which type of rape involves non forcible sexual intercourse with a minor?

A

Statutory Rape

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17
Q

Intentional and wrongful physical contact with a person, without his or her consent, that entails a sexual component or purpose. Some jurisdictions refer to same-sex rape as defined by this term as well

A

Sexual Battery

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18
Q

T/F- Estimates are that only one out of every four rapes is reported to the police

A

True

19
Q

Unlawful forced sexual intercourse that occurs within the context of a dating relationship. This type of rape is a subcategory of rape that is of a special concern today. This rape is called

A

Date Rape

20
Q

an illegal pharmaceutical substance that is virtually tasteless. Available on the black market, it dissolves easily in drinks and can leave anyone who consumes it unconscious for hours, making them vulnerable to sexual assault. This drug is referred to as? The name of the drug is?

A

Date rape drug

Rohypnol

21
Q

An unlawful attack by one person upon another. Historically, the term meant only the attempt to inflict injury on another person is defined as

A

Assault

22
Q

The unlawful, intentional inflicting, or attempted or threatened inflicting of serious injury upon the person of another is defined as

A

Aggravated Assault

23
Q

The unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or a theft (excludes tents, trailers, and other mobile units used for recreational purposes). For the UCR/NIBRS Program, the crime of ** can be reported if 1) an unlawful entry of an unlocked structure has occurred, 2) a breaking and entering of a (secured structure) has taken place, or 3) if a *** has been attempted.
The word described above is defined as

A

Burglary

24
Q

The unlawful taking or attempted taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of property from the possession or constructive possession of another is defined as

A

Larceny-theft

25
Q

T/F- Larceny is the most common of the eight major offenses

A

True

26
Q

Any crime perpetrated through the use of computer technology also any violation of federal or state **crime statue is defined as

A

Cybercrime

27
Q

A crime in which an imposter obtains key pieces of information, such as Social Security and driver’s license numbers, to obtain credit, merchandise, and services in the name of the victim. The victim is often left with a ruined credit history and the time-consuming and complicated task of repairing the financial damage is defined as

A

Identity Fraud

28
Q

The unauthorized access to personal information is defined as

A

Identity Theft

29
Q

The theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicle is defined as

A

Motor Vehicle Theft

30
Q

What is defined as a self- propelled road vehicle that runs on land surface and not on rails?

A

Motor Vehicles

31
Q

T/F- The stealing of trains, planes, boats, construction equipment, and most farm machinery is classified as larceny under the UCR/NIBRS Program, not as motor vehicle theft.

A

True

32
Q

Any willful or malicious burning or attempting to burn, with or without intent to defraud, a dwelling house, public building, motor vehicle or aircraft, personal property of another, and so on. Some instances of *** result from malicious mischief, some involve attempts to claim insurance money, and some are committed in an effort to disguise other crimes, such as murder, burglary, or larceny. This crime is defined as

A

Arson

33
Q

A traditional UCR/NIBRS offense group used to report arrests for less serious offenses. Agencies are limited to reporting only arrest information for this type of offenses, with the exception of simple assault. What kind of offenses are described?

A

Part 2 Offenses

34
Q

Crime that is not reported to the police and that remains unknown to officials. This term is defined as

A

Dark Figure of Crime

35
Q

A classification of crimes along a particular dimension, such as legal categories, offender motivation, victim behavior, or the characteristics of individual offenders is defined as

A

Crime Typology

36
Q

Repeated harassing and threatening behavior by one individual against another, aspects of which may be planned or carried out in secret. This type of crime might involve following a person, appearing at a person’s home or place of business, making harassing phone calls, leaving written messages or objects, or vandalizing a person’s property. Most laws require that the perpetrator make a credible threat of violence against the victim or members of the victim’s immediate family before pursuing a case. This crime is defined as

A

Stalking

37
Q

The use of the Internet, e-mail, and other electronic communication technologies to stalk another person is defined as

A

Cyberstalking

38
Q

A criminal offense motivated, in whole or in part, by the offender’s bias against a race, gender, gender identity, religion, disability, sexual orientation, or ethnicity, and committed against persons, property, or society. Also called bias crime is defined as a

A

Hate Crime

39
Q

A violation of a criminal statute by a corporate entity or by its executives, employees, or agents acting on behalf of and for the benefit of the corporation, partnership, or other form of business entity is defined as

A

Corporate Crime

40
Q

Violations of the criminal law committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his or her occupation. Also, nonviolent crime for financial gain utilizing deception and committed by anyone who has special technical or professional knowledge of business or government, irrespective of the person’s occupation is defined as

A

White-collar Crime

41
Q

The unlawful activities of the members of a highly organized, disciplined association engaged in supplying illegal goods or services, including gambling, prostitution, loan-sharking, narcotics, and labor racketeering, and in other unlawful activities is defined as

A

Organized Crime

42
Q

Unlawful activity undertaken and supported by organized criminal groups operating across national boundaries is defined as

A

Transnational Organized Crime

43
Q

go back to pg 62-66

A
44
Q

A now defunct but once inclusive measure of the UCR Program’s violent and property crime categories, or what are called Part I offenses. The ***** Index, long featured in the FBI’s publication Crime in the United States, was discontinued in 2004. The index had been intended as a tool for geographic (state-to-state) and historical (year-to-year) comparisons via the use of crime rates (the number of crimes per unit of population).
However, criticism that the index was misleading arose after researchers found that the largest of the index’s crime categories, larceny-theft, carried undue weight and led to an underappreciation of changes in the rates of more violent and serious crimes. This index is called

A

Crime Index

Criminal Justice (11 decks)

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