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Winter 2019 > M2: Sociology of Deviance and Social Control > Flashcards

M2: Sociology of Deviance and Social Control Flashcards

1
Q

3 critiques of lombroso and pathology

A
  1. Similar characteristics may be a coincidence
  2. Atavism does not exist
  3. Physical attributes correlate with Italian location
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2
Q

Lombroso (1)

A

Pathology

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3
Q

Sheldon (1)

A

Body Shapes

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4
Q

According to Sheldon, a hard, muscular body shape is called

A

Mesomorphe

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5
Q

Edward Wilson (1)

A

Sociobiology

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6
Q

Arguing for a predisposition to crime is what theory?

A

Sociobiological

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7
Q

Wilson argues that family violence is more common amongst adopters because…

A

there is no genes present in child victims, therefore not against evolutionary instincts

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8
Q

Who argues that crime decreases in the west due to evolution

A

Pinker

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9
Q

Rose (1)

A

Biocriminology

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10
Q

Attention to a genetically-at-risk individual would be under the theory of

A

Biocriminology

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11
Q

Id (1)

A

Primal

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12
Q

Ego (1)

A

Reality

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13
Q

Superego (1)

A

Morality

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14
Q

Bandura (1)

A

Social Learning

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15
Q

The argument that aggressiveness can come from experiencing physical punishment is of what theory?

A

Social learning

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16
Q

5 Zones in the Concentric Zone Model, starting from the center

A
  1. Central business district
  2. Transitional zone
  3. Working class
  4. Residential
  5. Commuter zone
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17
Q

An ecological perspective on crime would say that certain areas are in turmoil because…

A

they are socially disorganized

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18
Q

Which two theorists would link social inequality with working class exclusion

A

Cohen and Merton

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19
Q

Strain theory sees crime as a

A

lower class phenomenon

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20
Q

Cohen sees subcultures as

A

an alternative way to gain status

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21
Q

Hirschi (1)

A

Control Theory

22
Q

To see society’s role as a set of institutions that act to control and regulate rule breaking behavior is of what theory?

A

Control theory

23
Q

4 types of social bonds

A
  1. commitments
  2. beliefs
  3. involvements
  4. attachments
24
Q

2 inner controls

A
  1. Commitments

2. Beliefs

25
Q

2 outer controls

A

Involvements and attachments

26
Q

Commitments

A

an investment or stake in controlling behavior

27
Q

term for loyalty to dominant value system

A

beliefs

28
Q

Edwin Sutherland (1)

A

Differential Association

29
Q

According to differential association theory, humans act in reference to

A

environment

30
Q

According to differential association theory, criminal activity is…

A

learned

31
Q

Type of theory that assumes that behavior is a result of conscious decision making and focuses on the criminal event

A

rational choice theory

32
Q

Critique of rational choice theory

A

assumes everyone is capable of making rational decisions

33
Q

Which theory states that crime changes with changes in lifestyle?

A

Routine activity theory

34
Q

Which theory does not focus on motivation and assumes vulnerable environment leads to crime

A

routine activity theoyr

35
Q

Merton’s 2 key elements to social and cultural structure

A
  1. Culturally defined goals, purposes and interests

2. Institutional means to achieving goals

36
Q

the 5 alternative models of adjustment

A
  1. Conformity
  2. Innovation
  3. Ritualism
  4. Retreatism
  5. Rebellion
37
Q

Mode that accepts cultural goals and institutional norms

A

conformity

38
Q

Mode that both accepts and eliminates cultural goals and institutional means

A

Rebellion

39
Q

Mode that accepts goals, eliminates means

A

innovation

40
Q

2 modes that eliminate both goals and means

A

ritualism and retreatism

41
Q

terms for gaining culturally defined success but without internalizing morally prescribed norms

A

illegitimacy adjustment

42
Q

Pursuing cultural goals through socially approved means

A

conformity

43
Q

Using socially unapproved means to obtain culturally approved goals, such as dealing drugs

A

innovation

44
Q

using the same socially approved means to achieve less elusive goals (more modest and humble)

A

ritualism

45
Q

to reject both the cultural goals the means to obtain it, then find a way to escape it

A

retreatism

46
Q

to reject the cultural goals and means, then work to replace them

A

rebellion

47
Q

Low regulation suicide carried out during period of stress and frustraion

A

anomic

48
Q

low integration suicide feeling alone

A

egoistic

49
Q

high integration suicide for sacrifice for cult or religion

A

altruistic

50
Q

High regulation suicide when people are kept under tight reg

A

fatalistic

51
Q

another word for circular reasoning

A

tautological

52
Q

type of explanation of phenomena by the purpose they serve rather than their causes

A

false teleology

Winter 2019 (6 decks)

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