M2: Nutrition Care Process

Question 1

Strategies to Address Age-Related Changes Affecting Nutrition
ELDERLY

Answer 1

encourage healthier food choice
snacking on healthy foods
make food taste good
consider adding supplements
encourage exercise

Question 2

Strategies to Address Age-Related Changes Affecting Nutrition
CHILD

Answer 2

plenty of fruits and vegetables.
plenty of starchy foods (bread, rice, potatoes, pasta)
some milk and dairy foods or non-dairy alternatives
some sources of protein (meat, fish, eggs and beans)

Question 3

a meal plan that controls the intake of certain foods or nutrients. It is part of the treatment of a medical condition and are normally prescribed by a physician and planned by a dietician.

Answer 3

Therapeutic diet

Question 4

WHAT DISEASE REQUIRES A THERAPEUTIC DIET?

Answer 4

• cardiovascular disease such as cororary artery disease. hypertension, heart attacks, and stroke
• diabetes
• gastrointestinal diseases such as Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis and celiac disease

Question 5

FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED IN PLANNING THERAPEUTIC DIETS

Answer 5

-possible duration of the disease
-factors in the diet which must be altered to overcome these condition
-patient’s tolerance for food by mouth
-normal diet may be modified too

Question 6

a food preparation which provides complete nutrients
as well as supplies carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals and fiber in their normal proportions

Other terms: General diet, Full diet, Complete diet

Answer 6

Balanced diet

Question 7

• provides food that are not irritating to the digestive tract and do not increase acid production in the stomach
• CAP free diet: _______

Answer 7

Bland diet
C - Caffeine, A - Alcohol, P - Pepper

Question 8

• foods that have no or low residue and fat
• nutritionally inadequate
• not to be given more than 2 days unless ordered by doctor
• aims to prevent dehydration or to clear the git

Answer 8

Clear liquid diet

Question 9

• any liquid that could be served cold and iced
• aims at giving relief to fresh mouth sores and surgery
• prescribed to patients for not more than 2 days

Answer 9

Cold diet (tonsil diet)

Question 10

• aids in stool formation
• recommended to lbm
• combination of low-residue, low fiber & low-fat diet

Answer 10

Constipation diet (anti-diarrhea diet)

Question 11

• more liberal diet than clear liquid diet, allows only food on liquid form or those which readily become liquid at room temp

Answer 11

FULL LIQUID DIET (GENERAL LIQUID DIET, MEDICAL LIQUID DIET)

Question 12

• is a balanced diet measured to provide the number of exchanges or servings based on the individual’s caloric requirement.
• concentrated sweets and simple carbohydrates are avoided
• is high in fiber and low in fat.

Answer 12

DIABETIC DIET (CALCULATED DIET)

Question 13

• for those with athletic events
• allows food and drink with an energy value of 50% to 1007 above the caloric requirement or above the actual food intake

Answer 13

HIGH CALORIE DIET (UP-BUILDING DIET, HIGH CARBOHYDRATE DIET)

Question 14

• modified balanced diet with higher fiber content. this is effected by including more fruits, nuts, vegetables, and whole grains in meal preparation
• constipation (pectin - carb rich in fiber, most rich source: stem & stalk of green leafy veggies )

Answer 14

HIGH-FIBER DIET

Question 15

• calls for 15 g of protein/kg ideal body weight. this diet is prescribed for growth and repair such as in pregnancy, tissue and bone regeneration, inflammatory conditions and injury.
• Consider not only the amount of protein but its quality as well, include protein foods with high biological value.
• post-surgery, high muscle building

Answer 15

HIGH-PROTEIN DIET

Question 16

• eliminates foods that contain identified allergens. allergens are substances causing allergy
• diet depends on the person’s sensitivity. individualization is important because reaction to a certain food may vary from person to person

Answer 16

HYPOALLERGENIC DIET

Question 17

• a balanced diet limiting food choices to only those with little or no cholesterol this diet is planned so that cholesterol intake is no more than 300 mg per day
• boiling, steaming, air-frying

Answer 17

LOW-CHOLESTEROL DIET

Question 18

• a low fat diet allows a minimal amount of dietary fat which comprises < or = 15% of the total caloric requirement of the person.
• this diet is prescribed to persons with liver disorder, gallbladder problem, hyperlipidemia and heart disorder. this is not a no-fat diet but a low-fat diet.

Answer 18

LOW FAT DIET

Question 19

• allows a minimal amount of dietary protein which ranges from 20 to 40 grams per day
• kidney and liver problems

Answer 19

LOW-PROTEIN DIET

Question 20

• arroz caldo, lugaw, porridge
• not more than 2 days

Answer 20

SOFT DIET