M2: Layout

Question 1

underlying structure imposed by grids, compositional structure, hierarchy, measurements, and relationships in design.

Answer 1

Layout

Question 2

Positive shapes of a letterform

Answer 2

Form

Question 3

negative shapes of a letterform

Answer 3

Counter forms

Question 4

vertical boxes that hold type and used as a guide for image placement

Answer 4

Columns

Question 5

spaces between columns

Answer 5

gutters

Question 6

measures the height of the body of a letter

Answer 6

Point

Question 7

measures the width of a single letter or a line of type

Answer 7

Pica

Question 8

The assignment of a number to a characteristic of an object or event, which can be compared with other objects or events.

Answer 8

Measurement

Question 9

measurement systems based on a rigid standard made up of fixed values of units such as picas, points, millimeters, centimeters

Answer 9

Absolute Measurement

Question 10

measurement systems based on the proportional relationships of their elements

Answer 10

Relative Measurement

Question 11

the systematic relationship of one element to another in any given composition.

Answer 11

Proportion

Question 12

ratio of the whole to the larger part is the same as the larger part to the smaller part.

Answer 12

The divine proportion

Question 13

proportions are based on the approximate ratio of 8:13 and are widely used in several visual disciplines—art, design, and architecture.

Answer 13

The golden section/ratio

Question 14

Numbers in the sequence is the sum of the preceding two numbers

Answer 14

Fibonacci Sequence

Question 15

divided his page into 9 sections and used the ratio of 2:3 for the text block.

determined that there was a proportional system (or “secret number”) Johannes Gutenberg used that can be applied to a page’s compositional layout.

Answer 15

Divina Proporción Tipográfica

Question 16

Proportional system for Compositional page layouts for pages margins and live text areas.

Answer 16

Van de Graaf Canon

Question 17

ongoing sequence of words, distinct from short headlines and caption

Answer 17

Text

Question 18

The main block of text, and comprised the main mass of content

Answer 18

Body text

Question 19

tested copies made before final production begins.

Answer 19

Proofs

Question 20

The logical and visual guide applied to the body of the text. indicates the levels of importance via the different weights, sizes, placement, or styles of typefaces.

Answer 20

Text Hierarchy

Question 21

creating the negative space between elements of content, prevents mutilating the text

Answer 21

Margins

Question 22

Readers should easily and comfortably read the text. This depends on the size of the type, length of lines, and the leading between lines.

Answer 22

Readability

Question 23

Graphic elements that bring a design to life.

Answer 23

Images

Question 24

images composed of pixels in grid.

Answer 24

Raster

Question 25

scalable image defined by mathematical formulae or paths instead of pixels.

Answer 25

Vector

Question 26

lossless uncompressed image.

Answer 26

RAW

Question 27

Continuous-tone file format.

Answer 27

TIFF

Question 28

Scalable format for vector images.

Answer 28

EPS

Question 29

- Continuous tone format. Lossy compression of images for web use.

Answer 29

JPEG

Question 30

Format used for compressed line art and flat color images for web applications. Can hold animations.

Answer 30

GIF

Question 31

Mac-based format for compressing images with plain background and colors.

Answer 31

PICT

Question 32

Uncompressed format for 24 or 32-bit color images for graphic manipulation

Answer 32

BMP

Question 33

Lossless data compression format for web and application graphics.

Answer 33

PNG

Question 34

Used to send document files with embedded font and graphics.

Answer 34

PDF

Question 35

A compressed set of files.

Answer 35

Collected Files (ZIP)

Question 36

A forced break within a text block for a better fit, alignment, and readability of the content. This has several variants like column breaks, line breaks, paragraph breaks, etc.

Answer 36

Character break

Question 37

An empty space between the start of the text block to the first letter of text to indicate a start of a new paragraph.

Answer 37

Indentation

Question 38

Traditional length of an indentation

Answer 38

two ems

Question 39

A special style of indentation where the first line of a text block is not indented, but the subsequent lines of text are indented from the left margin

Answer 39

hanging indentation

Question 40

a very short line of text, at the end of a paragraph or text block. Often only a word or two in length, or a continuation of a hyphenation.

Answer 40

Widows

Question 41

short line of text but at the start of a new column of text or page.

Answer 41

Orphans

Question 42

gap in a text block formed by a coincidnetal alignment of spaces between words. Considered bad typesetting as it creates a distracting line of negative space within the text block.

Answer 42

Rivers

Question 43

A group of pages that are printed, commonly on both sides of a single sheet of paper that when folded, trimmed, bound, and cut become a set of pages in a publication.

Answer 43

Signature

Question 44

diagram of all the pages of the book drawn as spreads numbered sequentially.

Answer 44

flat plan

Question 45

It shows all the components/parts of an object arranged as though it had been systematically dismantled to have an unobstructed view of all these parts.

Answer 45

Exploded drawings

Question 46

allows for the data to be presented in a clear and less confusing way than its raw or text form

Answer 46

Data Visualization

Question 47

uccessful identification usually relies on ____

Answer 47

uccessful identification usually relies on chains of confirmation