m11.3 Flashcards
what are the 2 different truss type construction methods
pratt truss
warren truss
common methods of sealant application
faying seal
fillet seal
what is a faying seal
2 pieces of metal overlap
one piece will be exposed to airflow and joggled
sealant will be placed in between the 2 pieces
when is a fillet seal use
when 2 pieces of metal are joined together
how are electrical cables sealed
using rubber or silicon seals/ or sealant plates
where are wings attached
either above or below the fuselage section
why may the fuselage be notched or cut out
to accept a centre wing section
how is the vertical fin attached
using bolted fittings on a frame member
where are horizontal stabilizers attached to
some are attached directly to the vertical stab
some are attached to fuselage frames
what are engine pylons attached to
the wings
what are the pylon structural members called
spars (upper, middle, lower)
what is transferred from the engines to the air frame
thrust
what is a nacelle
a streamlined enclosure, that is attached to the pylon, to house the engine
on modern a/c is the landing gear attached to the wings
yes
how is the landing gear attached to the wings
the wing spar
what are the names for seat tracks
L tracks or I tracks
how is cargo manoeuvred in and out of a/c
PDUs, rollers, ball mats
what are the cargo containers called
ULDs unit loading devices
what are the different types components found in cargo loading systems
transport components
guidance components
restraining and locking components
what does ARO stand for
anti roll out device
what are PEDs and MEDs
passenger and main entry doors
what type of door is a MED
plug types
4 types of seal shapes
bulb type
diaphragm
flap types
multiform
what is stated in ICAO annex 6
a/c over 45 500kg or pax of more than 60 should be equipped with an approved crew compartment door, able to resist small fire arms and grenade sharpnel
what type door is a service door
non plug type
what types of door is a cargo door
non plug type
why are plug type doors used
for aircraft with cabin pressurisation
what materials must the cockpit door be made of
glass reinforced polymers
kevlar and dyneema
laminates of high strength glass fibre
what must all emergency exit doors have
an emergency escape slide
when the door is opened in armed mode what happens
the escape slide is deployed automatically
what type of doors are used for emergency exits
mainly plug type
what connects the door frame to the escape slide
the girt bar
what should you check if the bulk cargo door fails to stay open
check the counterbalance spring for the correct tension
how is the girt bar mechanism controlled
a mode selector lever (armed/disarmed)
how can cargo doors be operated
electrically, hydraulically, manually
what does a door synoptic display show
equipment centre access doors
pax entry doors
cargo compartment doors
what does an amber door symbol mean
the door is not closed, latched and locked
what does A and M mean on the mode selector handle
A - auto (green)
M - manual (white)
what are the typical areas that have windows fitted
flight deck windows
cabin windows
observer windows
small and unpressurised a/c use what type of windows
windows constructed from a single pane of acrylic plastic or other clear plastic
what types of windows do pressurised a/c use
pax cabin windows
flight deck windows
what is the fail safe design for pax windows
they have 2 layers of plastic
why is there a vent hole in the inner pane
so the pressure difference between panes is the same, to also prevent misting
how should windows be cleaned
use mixture of water with mild soap or isopropanol
how are flight deck windows constructed
lamination’s of tempered glass/plastic
one being conductive
what is special about the heated lamination
more resistant to impact breakage
what are the types of damage found on flight deck windows
delamination and bubbles
chips, cracking, or scratches
scratches on a window bigger than what size require replacement
0.002 in
what is crazing
small fissures, which frequently start from small scratches in the face of the window
types of window repairs
grinding, polishing, buffing, grinding
what is the structure of a typical wing
left and right wing box as well as a centre wing box
what does full cantilever mean about wings
they constructed without the need for external bracing
what are the 3 types of wing construction
mono spar
multi spar
box beam
what is a mono spar construction
a construction that uses one main longitudinal member
what is a multi spar construction
uses more than 1 longitudinal member
what is box beam wing construction
uses 2 main longtudinal members, with connecting bulkheads for more strength
what is the most common wing spar
I beam spar,
its top and bottom are called caps then the vertical section is called the web
on aircraft with stressed skin what type of panels are used
honey comb structure
what are the 3 basic fuel tank types
rigid removable
flexible bladder
integral
describe rigid tanks
they are riveted or welded together
include features like baffles, and terneplates
where are removable tanks usually found
in the wings
what are bladder tanks made from
reinforced flexible material
why is it called an integral fuel tank
it forms a tank from within the airframe structure
why must integral fuel tanks have access panels
for inspection and repairs
what must be done before entering an integral fuel tank
fuel emptied and vapours purged
how are pylons designed
to be aerodynamic and reduce air resistance
other than engines what can pylons and also be attached to
wings
what profile does a nacelle have
round or elliptical
what is used to anchor control surfaces to the wing
wing spars
what is meant by a fixed stabiliser
also known as a tailplane, has 2 fixed aerofoils that are connected
what is meant by a stabilator
a one piece all-moveable tail that pivots up and down, does not require an elevator
what is meant by a variable incidence tail plane
referred to as a stabiliser, this is also a one piece all-moveable tail, but elevators are attached to the trailing edge
what are primary flight controls
controls for yaw, pitch, and roll
what are the secondary flight controls
speed braking and slat and flap system, as well as trim syst
what 3 control surfaces are connected to the wing rear spar
ailerons, spoilers, flap tracks
what are the 2 methods of balancing
aerodynamic balancing
mass balancing
how is mass (static) balancing achieved
by adding weights to the leading edge of the control
where and how many toque box attachments are there
2 fwd pylon attachments 1 aft pylon attachment
(3)
what is a firewall
a flame proof bulkhead that separates the engine compartment from the rest of the a/c
what does CS-25 state about fire walls
1- must be fireproof
2- made so that no hazardous liquids, gases, or flames can escape
3- each opening is sealed
4- protected against corrosion
what are firewalls made of
heat resistant materials, like stainless, inconel , or titanium
what are fire walls inspected for
security and cracking
what are engine mounts usually made from
chrome/nickel/molybdenum
other than attachment what is another purpose of an engine mount
suppress vibrations from the engine, as well as distribute them to the whole a/c safely
what limits excessive engine movement
metal snubbers
how are engine mount rings attached to the engine
dynafocal mounts
how are attachments between the vert stab and fuselage strengthened
body fittings, splice plates, stiffeners
what are spoiler panels made up by
upper and lower metallic or composite skin, with a honeycomb sandwich layer
how are engine mounts secured to the a/c
special heat treated steel bolts
