M103 T4 L8 B - COVID Flashcards
Where does the spike protein bind to?
the ACE2 receptor
on airway epithelial cells
What type of coronavirus is COVID?
beta coronavirus
What are the main symptoms of COVID?
a new, continuous dry cough
a fever over 37.8 oC
change / loss of sense of smell / taste
What increases with increased age?
the frequency of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, headache and sore throat
What decreases with increased age?
fever
runny nose
What are the four different outcomes of having COVID?
asymptomatic disease
severe other diseases
become critically unwell
death
When does hospital admission usually occur from point of infection?
usually on days 8-10
What is the single greatest risk of mortality from COVID-19?
increasing age
the risk increases exponentially with age
80% of deaths have been in those aged 70 years and over
Which features in patients result in an increased risk of severe disease?
underlying medical problems
gender - male
BAME groups
Which features in patients result in higher rates of infection?
BAME groups
societal factors
poor access to healthcare
Which features in patients result in higher rates of deaths?
BAME groups
age
What are some examples of societal factors that result in higher rates of infection?
occupation
household size
deprivation
In what conditions are patients admitted for COVID?
when the oxygen sats <90%
when the respiratory rate >30
when there are signs of severe respiratory distress
What are sigs of complications in COVID patients?
High risk of thromboembolism Glycemic issues – hyperglycemia, DKA Acute kidney injury Cardiac toxicity Delirium in elderly
How are patients treated for COVID?
Supportive care
High flow oxygen
Dexamethasone
