M1 Topic 1 part 2: Atmosphere Flashcards

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1
Q

what is precipitation

A

water from the atmosphere that is solid or liquid form

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2
Q

list types of precipitation (3)

A

rain
snow
hail

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3
Q

what are the three types of rainfall

A

relief
convectional
frontal

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4
Q

what processes go into convection rain (3)

A

the sun heat the earths surface
air above heats up
hot air rises, cools then condenses

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5
Q

what processes go into relief rainfall (3)

A

Minute water particles are collected to form clouds.
Clouds go up an area with higher altitude cooling it causing condensation.
Air descends and warms up stopping the rain.

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6
Q

what processes go into Frontal rainfall (3)

A

Two air masses meet (one cold one warm) with the warm air rising over the cold air.
The air begins to cool minute rain drops form heavy clouds.
Then clouds begin to condense

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7
Q

why are sea breezes different too land breezes

A

difference in heating of the sea compared to the land

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8
Q

characteristics of sea breezes (4)

A

build up in the morning
dies out at night
sea retains heat longer than land
atmospheric pressure drops over the sea creating uplift

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9
Q

characteristics of land breezes

A

begin after sunset

die out at sunrise

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10
Q

what are anabatic winds

A

are mid afternoon winds between valley where the air is heated, expands and rise creating a zone of low pressure

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11
Q

what are kanabatic winds

A

night winds between valley where the air is cooled, increasing in its density causing wind to go down hill, which can cause temperature inversions causing fog to be produced

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12
Q

what are micro climates

A

small areas of significant climatic differences

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13
Q

how are micro climates produced

list 2 examples of each

A
urban factors (sunlight, humidity)
natural factors (aspect, land surface)
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14
Q

why do urban areas receive less sunlight than rural areas

A

higher amounts of atmospheric particles which absorb and reflect around 50% of insolation

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15
Q

why do urban areas have less humidity than rural areas

A

lack of evaporation due to low sunlight

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