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PERSPECTIVES > M1: Lesson 1 > Flashcards

M1: Lesson 1 Flashcards

1
Q

art and science of preparing drugs

A

Pharmacy

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2
Q

a person considered as medication
or drug expert.

A

Pharmacist

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3
Q

A legally granted responsibility to handle drugs
and to know all about those drugs

A

Pharmacist

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4
Q

Ancient Through Early Modern Era

A

Human
prehistory to AD 1500

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5
Q

Five Historical Periods in Pharmacy

A
  1. Ancient through early modern era
  2. Empiric Era
  3. Industrialization Era
  4. Patient-Care Era
  5. Biotechnology and genetic engineering
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6
Q

Empiric Era

A

1600 to 1940

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7
Q

Patient care era

A

1970 to present

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8
Q

Biotechnology and genetic engineering

A

The new horizon

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9
Q

Decides based on Instincts and help of nature

A

Ancient through early modern era (Before the dawn of history)

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10
Q

Decides based on the belief that people got sick: victim of evil forces,
God’s anger and punishment

A

Before the Dawn of History (Ancient through early modern era

**Ancient man

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11
Q

Provided the
earliest practice apothecary.

A

Pharmacy in Ancient Babylonia

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12
Q

One who prepares and sells drugs or
compounds for medicinal purposes

A

Apothecary

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13
Q

Medical texts on clay tablets
record the symptoms of illness,
prescription and directions for
compounding, and invocation to
the gods

A

Pharmacy in Ancient babylonia

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14
Q

2 Types of Medical care in Babylonia

A

Ashipu/asipu & Asu

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15
Q

Magical healer or
Sorcerer/exorcist

A

Ashipu or Asipu

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16
Q

Rely on spells and magical
stones

A

Ashipu or asipu

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17
Q

• Empirical healer or
physician

A

Asu

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18
Q

Make use of plant
materials for healing

A

Asu

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19
Q

written the Pen Tsao
that contains 350 different herbal
drugs and tested many of them on
himself (podophyllum, rhubarb,
ginseng, stramonium, cinnamon
bark, ephedra and ma huang).

A

Shen nung

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20
Q

Discovery of Pen Tsao
that contains 350 different herbal
drugs and tested many of them on
himself (podophyllum, rhubarb,
ginseng, stramonium, cinnamon
bark, ephedra and ma huang).

A

Pharmacy in Ancient China

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21
Q

Papyrus Ebers:

A

Pharmacy in Ancient Egypt

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22
Q

the best known and most important
pharmaceutical record that contains 800
prescriptions, mentioning 700 drugs.

A

Papyrus Ebers

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23
Q

Discovered enemas, infusions, inhalations, lotions,
acacia, onions, aloe, castor oil and opium

A

Papyrus Ebers

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24
Q

Symbol of Pharmacy

A

Bowl of Hygeia

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25
Q

record the symptoms of illness,
prescription and directions for
compounding, and invocation to
the gods.

A

Clay tablets

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26
Q

ancient Greek symbol of
medicine

A

Rod of Asclepius

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27
Q

(God of the healing art) was believed to
impact healing by touching one with his staff or serpent.

A

Asclepius

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28
Q

the international symbol of the
pharmacy profession

A

Bowl of Hygeia

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29
Q

the goddess of health, cleanliness and
sanitation)

A

Hygeia

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30
Q

Hippocrates

A

Father of Medicine

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31
Q

Introduction of scientific
pharmacy and medicine

A

Hippocrates

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32
Q

Classification of illnesses:
• Acute or Chronic
• Endemic or Epidemic

A

Hippocrates

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33
Q

Hippocratic Oath or Oath of
Hippocrates

A

Greek medical text

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34
Q

Father of Botany

A

Theophrastus

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35
Q

Greek Physician and
Botanist

A

Pedanius Dioscorides

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36
Q

excellent rules for
collection of drugs, their storage and use.

A

De Materia Medica

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37
Q

Published De Materia Medica

A

Pedanius Dioscorides

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38
Q

The Royal Toxicologist

A

Mithridates VI

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39
Q

He believed that constant exposure would build in
him an immunity to being poisoned by his enemies.

A

Mithridates VI

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40
Q

one of the best known
antidotes which is believed to be a universal
antidote in ancient time.

A

Mithridate

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41
Q

He invented Mithridate

A

Mithridates VI

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42
Q

Experimenter in Drug Compounding

A

Claudius Galen

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43
Q

Galenical formulations or galenicals

A

Claudius Galen

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44
Q

He invented the first cosmetic cream

A

Claudius Galen

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45
Q

Cosmetic cream

A

Cold cream

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46
Q

An early “trademarked” drug

A

Terra sigillata

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47
Q

Clay was formed into pastilles and impressed with
an official seal by priestesses, then sun-dried.

A

Terra sigillata

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48
Q

the apothecary (Pharmacy)

A

Damian

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49
Q

the physician (Medicine)

A

Cosmas

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50
Q

They both embraced Christianity and practiced
medicine and surgery without a fee

A

Damian & cosmas

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51
Q

The monks gathered herbs in
the field, raised them in their
own herb gardens.

A

Monastic pharmacy

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52
Q

Manuscripts from many
islands were translated or
copied for monastery libraries

A

Monastic Pharmacy

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53
Q

Pharmacy in Arabian history

A

The Arabs separated the
arts of apothecary and
physician

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54
Q

First privately owned drug
stores

A

Pharmacy in Arabian Era

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55
Q

The first apothecary shops

A

Pharmacy in Arabian Era

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56
Q

Persian
Galen

A

Ibn Sina (Avicenna)

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57
Q

intended
to “cure” or “heal” ignorance of
the soul

A

The book of healing

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58
Q

presents an overview of the
contemporary medical
knowledge of the medieval
Islamic world.

A

The Canon of Medicine

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59
Q

2 books of Ibn Sina (Avicenna

A
  1. The book of healing
  2. The Canon of Medicine
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60
Q

Magna Carta of
Pharmacy

A

Frederick II of Hohenstaufen

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61
Q

3 Magna Carta of Pharmacy

A
  1. The pharmaceutical profession was to be
    separated from the medical profession
  2. The pharmaceutical profession should be
    supervised officially
  3. Pharmacists should take an oath to prepare
    drugs reliably, according to skilled art and in a
    uniform suitable quality
62
Q

Greatest of The Pharmacists Chemists

A

Carl Wilhelm Scheele

63
Q

Father of Modern plant chemistry

A

Carl Wilhelm Scheele

64
Q

He discovered oxygen,
chlorine, prussic acid, tartaric
acid, tungsten, molybdenum,
glycerin, nitroglycerin

A

Carl Wilhelm Scheele

65
Q

Father of Toxicology

A

Paracelsus

66
Q

Philippus Aureolus
Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim

A

Paracelsus

67
Q

Influenced the
transformation of pharmacy
from a profession based
primarily on botanical science
to one based on chemical
science.

A

Paracelsus

68
Q

The idea of a pharmacopoeia
with official status, to be
followed by all apothecaries,
originated in Florence.

A

The First Official Pharmacopoeia

69
Q

First Official Pharmacopoeia

A

Nuovo Receptario

70
Q

Francis Bacon

A

Organized the first organization of pharmacist

71
Q

First organization of pharmacists

A

The Society of Apothecaries of London

72
Q

The Governor Who Healed the Sick

A

John Winthrop

73
Q

•Sovereign remedy

A

rubila

74
Q

He believed rubila was effective in the treatment of
measles, colics, headaches, sciatica and many
other ailments.

A

John Winthrop

75
Q

The Marshall Apothecary

A

Christopher Marshall

76
Q

became a leading retail store, chemical
manufacturing &”practical” training school for pharmacists

A

The Marshall Apothecary

77
Q

The leading retail store of marshall was managed by granddaughter ____ who is she?

A

Elizabeth America’s First woman pharmacist

78
Q

first hospital w/ pharmacy in Philadelphia

A

Pennsylvania Hospital (1751)

79
Q

The first Hospital Pharmacy began in ________

A

1752

80
Q

First Hospital Pharmacist

A

Jonathan Roberts

81
Q

Roberts’ Successor

A

John Morgan

82
Q

He advocated prescription writing and
championed independent practice of two
profession.

A

John Morgan

83
Q

America’s First Apothecary General

A

Andrew Craigie

84
Q

The first man to hold the rank of a commissioned
pharmaceutical officer in an American army

A

Andrew Craigie

85
Q

His duties included procurement, storage, manufacture,
and distribution of the Army’s drug requirements

A

Andrew Craigie

86
Q

He also developed an early wholesaling and
manufacturing business.

A

Andrew Craigie

87
Q

First of the Alkaloid Chemists

A

Friedrich Wilhelm Adam Serturner

88
Q

He discovered Morphine

A

Friedrich Wilhelm Adam Serturner

89
Q

He recognized and proved the importance of alkaloids

A

Friedrich Wilhelm Adam Serturner

90
Q

The first alkaloid was isolated from the opium poppy

A

Friedrich Wilhelm Adam Serturner

91
Q

isolation of Emetine from Ipecacuanha

A

Pierre-Joseph Pelletier & Joseph-Bienaimé
Caventou

92
Q

• isolation of Strychnine and Brucine from Nux
vomica

A

Pierre-Joseph Pelletier & Joseph-Bienaimé
Caventou

93
Q

Separation of quinine and cinchonine from the
cinchona barks

A

Pierre-Joseph Pelletier & Joseph-Bienaimé
Caventou

94
Q

First U.S. industry in medicinal herbs

A

Shakers

95
Q

No. of cultivated plant of shakers

A

200

96
Q

cultivated 200 plant
varieties; dried, chopped, and pressed them into
“bricks”; wrapped, labeled, and sold them to
pharmacists and physicians world-wide.

A

The shakers

97
Q

First president of American Pharmaceutical Association

A

Daniel B. Smith

98
Q

First secretary of American Pharmaceutical organization

A

William Procter, Jr.

99
Q

Father of American pharmacy

A

William Procter, Jr.

100
Q

New name of american pharamceutical associatoon

A

American Pharmacists
Association

101
Q

He abandoned the traditional requirement of pre
graduation apprenticeship.

A

Dr. Albert A. Presscot

102
Q

Revolution in Pharmaceutical Education

A

Presscot

103
Q

• Laboratory Pharmacy

A

Dr. Albert B. Prescott

104
Q

First book of drug standards

A

United States
Pharmacopoeia”

105
Q

Pharmacal Inventor

A

Stanislas Limousin

106
Q

He introduced medicak dropper

A

Stanislas Limousin

107
Q

He intriduced system of coloring poison

A

Stanislas Limousin

108
Q

(A kind of wafer capsule
formerly used by pharmacists for
presenting an unpleasant-tasting drug)

A

Wafer cachets

109
Q

He introduced wafer cachets

A

Stanislas Limousin

110
Q

Greatest contribution of Stanislas Limousin

A

: apparatus for
the inhalation and therapeutic
administration of oxygen and glass
ampules

111
Q

announced the effectiveness of diphtheria
antitoxin

A

Behring and Roux

112
Q

the first step of many producing antitoxin

A

Inoculation of horses with diphtheria toxin

113
Q

Era of Biologicals

A

• Effectiveness & innoculation of diphteria anti-toxin
• Poliomyelitis vaccine
• Parke Davis & Company
EMPIRIC ERA

114
Q

Ernest Francois Auguste Fourneau

A

Development of cgemotheraphy

115
Q

Advanced the treatment of syphilis and who inevented it

A

Bismuth and Arsenic compounds
Ernest francois

116
Q

• Bismuth and Arsenic compounds
• Sulfonamide
• Antihistaminic properties
• Chemotherapeutic research

A

Ernest Francois Auguste Fourneau

117
Q

Large numbers of war-related injuries led to the

A

growth of
industrial manufacturing order to meet the need for pharmaceutical products

118
Q

discovered that microbes were
responsible for souring alcohol and came up with
Pasteurization

A

Louis Pasteur

119
Q

bacteria is destroyed by heating
beverages and then allowing them to cool

A

Pasteurization

120
Q

discovered Penicillin from Penicillium
notatum

A

Alexander Fleming

121
Q

He returned from a two-week vacation to find that a mold had developed on an accidentally contaminated
staphylococcus culture plate. Upon examination of the
mold, he noticed that the culture prevented the growth of staphylococci

A

Alexander Fleming

122
Q

Evolution of Patient-focused drug therapy

A

centered on drug
control or drug monitoring

123
Q

established the concept of
pharmaceutical care in the late 1980s

A

C.D. Hepler

124
Q

Area of pharmacy concerned with science and
practice of RATIONAL MEDICATION USE

A

Clinical Pharmacy Concept

125
Q

services that promote the
appropriate selection, utilization and monitoring of
medications.

A

Clinical pharmacy concept

126
Q

Its objectives is to optimize individual improve
therapeutic outcome

A

Clinical pharmacy concept

127
Q

Patient centered services

A

clinical pharmacy concept

128
Q

the use of microorganisms to
produce drugs, hormones, and other products

A

Biothechnology

129
Q

is the scientific alteration of
the structure of genetic material in a living
organism

A

Genetic engineering

130
Q

Biotechnology

A

The New Horizon

131
Q

Genetic Engineering

A

The New Horizon

132
Q

Research into gene therapy and genetic defects
has greatly increased

A

The New Horizon

133
Q

involved in the pursuit of
cures for major diseases such as cancer

A

Genetic research

134
Q

Genetic research

A

The new horizon

135
Q

offered the course in BS
Pharmacy and licentiate in pharmacy in 1871.

A

UST founded in 1611

136
Q

the top producer of licensed pharmacists in the
Philippines

A

CEU

137
Q

CEU Pharmacy has been established in

A

1921

138
Q

First Filipino to study pharmacy

A

Don Leon Ma. Guerrero

139
Q

Father of Philippine Pharmacy

A

Don Leon Ma. Guerrero

140
Q

First Drugstore In The Philippines

A

Botica Boie

141
Q

served as a soda fountain and drug company at
the old Escolta

A

Botica Boie

142
Q

Botica Boie was founded by a young physician-pharmacist

A

Dr. Lorenzo Negrao

143
Q

Industrialization era

A

1940-1970

144
Q

Nasal decongestant

A

Ephedrine

145
Q

One of the best important discovery of shen nung

A

Ephedra & Ma huang

146
Q

My library is a ready source of drug knowledge.

A

Custodian of med info

147
Q

My files contain thousands of specific drug names and tens of thousands of facts about them.

A

Custodian of med info

148
Q

My journals and meetings report advances in pharmacy from around the world

A

Custodian of med info

149
Q

I am a consultant on the merits of different therapeutic agents.

A

Companion of the physician

150
Q

I assist the patient’s choice of nonprescription drugs or in the decision to consult a physician.

A

Counselor to the patient

151
Q

My pharmacy is a center for health-care information.

A

Guardian of the public health

152
Q

My services are available to all at all time.

A

Guardian of public health

PERSPECTIVES (5 decks)

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