m0 Flashcards
What is the science concerned with the chemical basis of life or more specifically, the chemical consitutents of living cells and the reactions they undergo?
Biochemistry
From which greek term does the word “life” stem from?
bio
When did biochemistry start to emerge as a distinct discipline in the scientific field?
around the beginning of the 20th century
.
What three branches of science were combined by scientists to better investigate the chemistry of living systems (foudnation of biochemistry)?
- chemistry
- physiology
- biology
What do you call a small molecule?
A monomer
What do you call a long-chain molecule that is made up of a repeated pattern of monomers?
A polymer
What are the two types of metabolic reactions?
- anabolic reaction
- catabolic reaction
What type of metabolic reaction breaks down molecules?
(e.g energy is released when ATP is created)
catabolic reaction
What type of metabolic reaction builds up molecules?
(e.g once ATP is broken down, energy is absorbed and built up once again)
anabolic reaction
- water is removed to bond monomers
- catalyst of polymer creation
dehydration synthesis
- a water molecule is introduced to break down a polymer (complex structure) to monomers
hydrolysis
Enumerate.
What are the four main classes of molecules (macromolecules) in biochemistry?
- carbohydrates
- lipids
- nucleic acids
- proteins
- living beings get energy from this
- its usual, main monomer is glucose
carbohydrates
- living beings store energy in these
- they come in the forms of fats and oils
- its monomers come in the form of fatty acids
lipids
Which type of fat is present in animals?
saturated fats