Lysosomes

Question 1

Suicide Bags

Answer 1

Lysosomes

Question 2

membrane-bound sac of hydrolytic enzymes that digests macromolecules

Answer 2

lysosomes

Question 3

enzymes and membrane of lysosomes are synthesized by ___ and transferred to the ___

Answer 3

Rough ER, Golgi

Question 4

etimology- lyso

Answer 4

breaking things apart

Question 5

etimology- some

Answer 5

body

Question 6

-Lysosomes fuse with food vacuoles
-Polymers are digested into monomers and become nutrients of cell

Answer 6

Cellular digestion

Question 7

lysosomes fuse with organelles or macromolecules to ___.

Answer 7

recycle materials

Question 8

breaking down a damaged organelle

Answer 8

autophagy

Question 9

lysosomal enzymes work best at pH __

Answer 9

5.0

Question 10

internal proton is kept high H+- concentration by H+ -ATPase

Answer 10

H+ -pumps

Question 11

protects the lysosome from self digestion

Answer 11

glycosylated protein

Question 12

transport digested materials

Answer 12

transport proteins

Question 13

type of transport: H+-pumps

Answer 13

active transport

Question 14

How lysosomes form:

Answer 14

1. phosphate attaches to a sugar (mannose residue).
2. Mannose-6-phosphate forms a sorting signal that moves through the cisternae to the trans region where it binds to a specific receptor.
3. Mannose-6-phosphate begins to bud and a “coat” made of clathrin forms to strengthen it.
4. The bud “pinches off” to fuse with a late endosome.
5. phosphate is removed and hydrolase is dissociated from the receptor.
6. the receptor is recycled back to the Golgi complex.

Question 15

digestion of material of extracellular origin

Answer 15

heterophagy

Question 16

digestion of material of intracellular origin

Answer 16

autophagy

Question 17

the head of the sperm cell contains ___

Answer 17

acrosome

Question 18

the lysosome releases hydrolases to cytoplasm to digest the cell of oneself.

ex. disappearance of tadpole’s tail

Answer 18

autocytolysis

Question 19

a break or leak in the membrane of lysosomes release digestive enzymes into the cell and damages the surrounding tissues.

Answer 19

autolysis

Question 20

results from the uptake of silica fibers from the dusty atmosphere of a coal mine by macrophages and other phagocytic cells in the lungs.

Answer 20

silicosis

Question 21

disease occurring in asbestos workers

Answer 21

asbestosis

Question 22

damage caused to cartilage cells in the joints by enzymes leaked from lysosomes.

Answer 22

rheumatoid arthritis

Question 23

accumulation of glycogen in muscle tissue

Answer 23

acid maltase deficiency

Question 24

deficiency in hexosaminidase A

Answer 24

Tay-Sachs Disease

Question 25

deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase

Answer 25

Gaucher’s Disease

Question 26

programmed cell death

Answer 26

apoptosis

Question 27

fused fingers

Answer 27

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