Lymphoma (Hodgkin + non-Hodgkin)

Question 1

What cells does lymphoma affect?

Answer 1

lymphocytes

Question 2

What percentage of lymphomas are non-Hodgkins?

Answer 2

Question 3

What percentage of lymphomas are Hodgkins?

Answer 3

Question 4

Give four risk factors for Hodgkins lymphoma

Answer 4

Question 5

Exposure to pesticides and certain industrial chemicals is a risk factor for which type of lymphoma?

Answer 5

Question 6

Helicobacter pylori and hep B + C are rick factors for which type of lymphoma?

Answer 6

Question 7

What cells are affected in Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

Answer 7

Question 8

What do B-cells mutate into in Hodgkin’s lymphoma?

Answer 8

Question 9

What’s the main distinguishing feature between HL and NHL?

Answer 9

HL has presence of Reed-Sternberg cells

Question 10

what are the two types of HL and how often are they both seen?

Answer 10

classical - presence of both RS cells and Hodgkin cells
nodular lymphocyte predominant - have lymphocyte-predominant cells (a variant of RS cells)

Question 11

What are the four subtypes of classical HL?

Answer 11

Question 12

What’s the most common symptom of HL?

Answer 12

painless, rubbery, enlarged lymph nodes

Question 13

What are the B-symptoms associated with lymphoma?

Answer 13

fever
night sweats
weight loss > 10%

Question 14

what two antigens are almost always expressed on RS cells in HL?

Answer 14

CD15 and CD30

Question 15

What staging is used in HL?

Answer 15

Ann-arbor staging

Question 16

What’s stage 1 in Ann-Arbor staging of HL?

Answer 16

Question 17

What’s stage 2 in Ann-Arbor staging of HL?

Answer 17

Question 18

What’s stage 3 in Ann-Arbor staging of HL?

Answer 18

Question 19

What’s stage 4 in Ann-Arbor staging of HL?

Answer 19

Question 20

What does the A suffix mean in Ann-Arbor staging of HL?

Answer 20

Question 21

What does the B suffix mean in Ann-Arbor staging of HL?

Answer 21

Question 22

What does the X suffix mean in Ann-Arbor staging of HL?

Answer 22

Question 23

Give the name of the staging used in Hodgkin’s lymphoma and describe a patient who is diagnosed
with StageIIIB (4 marks)

Answer 23

• Ann Arbor Staging (1)
• Multiple lymph nodes affected (1)
• Above and below the diaphragm (1)
• Presence of B symptoms (1)

Question 24

Answer 24

a.)
FBC - anaemia + high ESR (2)
CXR - wide mediastinum
blood film - Reed-Sternberg cells

b.)
HL

c.)
ABVD (chemotherapy combination)
bone marrow transplant (enables a higher dose of chemotherapy to be given)

NOTE: bone marrow transplant = stem cell transplant

Question 25

Answer 25

Question 26

Answer 26

Question 27

Answer 27

Question 28

What’s used for diagnosis of HL?

Answer 28

Lymph node biopsy

Question 29

What test is used to stage HL?

Answer 29

PET-CT

Question 30

What’s the 10 year survival rate for HL?

Answer 30

75%

Question 31

Answer 31

Question 32

In NHL, which cells are affected in what proportions?

Answer 32

Question 33

What are the two types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma depending on how quickly they grow?

Answer 33

Question 34

What’s the most common type of low grade NHL?

Answer 34

follicular lymphoma

Question 35

What are the three most common types of high grade NHL?

Answer 35

• diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL)
• Burkitt lymphoma
• peripheral T cell lymphoma