lymphoid tumors

Question 1

all

Answer 1

Bimodal distribution of occurrence:
• Peak at age 2‐5
• Second increased incidence after age 50
Male > Female
Most common (~80%) type of acute leukemia in childhood
but more than 85% curable with appropriate therapy
Incidence in adults ~20%
In adults, more unfavourable cytogenetic alteration (Ph+) 
worse prognosis

Question 2

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia

Answer 2

CLL is the most common malignant hematological
disease (cca 20‒25% of all)
Does not occur inchildren. Peak incidence between
60‒80 years.
It belongs to the mature B-cell neoplasms.
It is characterized by chronic persistent
lymphocytosis which later infiltrate different organs.

The disease occurs in older subjects, rare before 40 yrs.
 M:F is 2:1.
 Many cases are asymptomatic and are discovered by routine
test. (The absolute lymphocyte count is > 5 G/l and may be up to 500 G/l)
 Symmetrical enlargement of superficial lymph node is the
most frequent clinical sign.
 More symptoms appear in later stages:
– splenomagaly, hepatomegaly
– anemia → weakness, dyspnea
– thrombocytopenia → bleeding tendency, purpuras
– immunodeficiency → repeated bacterial or fungal
infections, autoimmune processes

Question 3

myeloma multiplex diagonosis

Answer 3

presence ofserum m protein or urinary.
bone marrow plasma 10%>
presenseof end organ damage related to cell dyscrasia.
cd markers- cd38, 56, 138.