Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Haematology > Lymphoid Tissue > Flashcards

Lymphoid Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the spleen located?

A

Left hypochondrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the largest lymph organ in the body?

A

Spleen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the two components of the spleen?

A

Red pulp

White pulp

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Describe the red pulp

A

Small sinuses lined by endothelial macrophages and cords/spaces.
Hypoxic, low glucose, low pH environments.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the white pulp

A

Structure similar to lymphoid follicles.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What artery takes blood to the spleen?

A

Splenic artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Where does the splenic artery arise from?

A

Coeliac artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What blood components pass through the red pulp?

A

RBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What blood components pass through the white pulp?

A

WBC

Platelets

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the functions of the spleen?

A

Sequestration and phagocytosis.
Extramedullary haemopoiesis
Immunological function
Blood pooling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How much blood tends to be stored in the spleen?

A

1/3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How much WBC mass is found in the spleen?

A

25% T cells and 15% B cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What do pluripotential stemcells do?

A

Extramedullary haemopoiesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How does the spleen filter, sequester and phagocytose blood?

A

Normal (flexible) RBC pass through red pulp into venous system.
Old/abnormal RBC damaged by red pulp sinus environment and are removed for phagocytosis. Same applies to foreign matter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

WHat happens to IgG coated RBC in the spleen?

A

Removed by macrophages.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What can cause splenomegaly?

A

Infection
Inflammation
Haematological
Portal hypertension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What haematological things can cause splenomegaly?

A

Haemolytic anaemia
Haemoglobinopathy
Leukemias
Lymphomas

18
Q

What inflammatory things can cause splenomegaly?

A

Ra
Sarcoidosis
SLE

19
Q

What are some symptoms of splenomegaly?

A

Dragging sensation in LUQ
Discomfort with eating
Pain (if infarcted)

20
Q

What is hypersplenism?

A

Pancytopenia occurring in all patients with splenomegaly

21
Q

What can cause hypersplenism?

A

Any but most often with: haematological disease, liver disease, RA and lymphoma

22
Q

What are some symptoms of hypersplenism?

A

Pancytopenia
Haemolysis
Increased plasma volume

23
Q

How do you treat hypersplenism?

A

Treat underlying cause

Splenectomy

24
Q

What can cause hyposplenism/splenic atrophy?

A 
Infarct
Sickle cell- Causes microinfarcts
Coeliacs
UC
Essential thrombocythaemia
25
Q

What are some symptoms of hyposplenism/splenic atrophy?

A

Thrombocytosis persists
Mild lymphocytosis and monocytosis
Abnormal RBC morphology

26
Q

What RBC abnormalities can be seen with hyposplenism?

A

Howell–jolly bodies- DNA left in RBC.
Target cells
Pitted RBC

27
Q

What can a splenectomy be performed for?

A

Trauma
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Haemolytic anaemias
Hypersplenism

28
Q

What are some complications of a splenectomy?

A

Increased platelet count (for a short time)
Thrombo-embolic phenomena
Increased risk of overwhelmic infection- Pneumococcal
Thrombocytosis persists- Too many platelets
Mild lymphocytosis and monocytosis
Abnormal RBC morphology

29
Q

What are the two types of lymphoid tissue?

A

Primary

Secondary

30
Q

What are the two primary lymphoid tissue?

A

Bone marrow

Thymus

31
Q

What are the three main secondary lymphoid tissue?

A

Lymph Nodes
Spleen
Tonsils

32
Q

Describe the anatomy of a LN

A

Small oval body up to 2.5cm in diameter with capsule and cortex

33
Q

What comes out of the hilum of the LN?

A

Artery
Vein
Efferent lymph vessels

34
Q

How does fluid move through the lymphoid system?

A

Passively

35
Q

Where can lymph vessels drain to?

A

Thoracic duct
L jugular, subclavian or bronchomediastinal trunks
R jugular, subclavian or bronchomediastinal trunks

36
Q

What is the function of the LN?

A

Defence

37
Q

How do LN provide an immune defence?

A

Houses cells of the innate immune system
Traffic of APCs links innate and adaptive immune responses
Seat of the adaptive immune response

38
Q

What immune cells are found in the LN?

A 
B Cells
T Cells
NK Cells
Mononuclear phagocytes (macrophages)
Antigen presenting cells
Dendritic cells
39
Q

What are the two surfaces of the spleen?

A

Diaphragmatic

Visceral

40
Q

What are the functions of the lymphoid system?

A

Return lymph to the circulation
Cell traffic
Cell trapping
Interaction with of cells and “molecules” with cells of the immune system – protective function

41
Q

Why is it important to return lymph to the circulation?

A

Important function in fluid homeostasis

Prevent excessive accumulation of fluid in the tissues – oedema

Haematology (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions