lymphoid system

Question 2

Percentage of lymphocytes in circulating bc

Answer 2

20 to 40 %

Question 3

Lymphocyte tructur

Answer 3

The typical small lymphocyte:
✓ 7 and 10 μm in diameter
✓ has a large rounded nucleus that may be
somewhat indented
✓ nuclear chromatin is dense and tends to stain a
deep blue

Question 4

Largest tissue of the body (1300-1500g) in the adult

Answer 4

Bone marrow

Question 5

Fills the core of all long bones and is the main source of
hematopoietic stem cells

Answer 5

Bone marrow

Question 6

Small, flat, bilobed organ found in the thorax, or chest
cavity, right below the thyroid gland and overlying the
heart

Answer 6

Thymus

Question 7

In humans, it weighs an average of 30 g at birth, reaches
about 35 g at puberty, and then gradually atrophies.

Answer 7

Thymus

Question 8

Hormones produce by thymus

Answer 8

Thymosine and thmopoietin

Question 9

Major Organ of Antibody synthesis

Answer 9

Spleen

Question 10

Large discriminating filter, as it removes old and damaged cells
and foreign antigens from the blood.

Answer 10

Spleen

Question 11

argest secondary lymphoid organ, having a length of
approximately 12 cm and weighing 150 g in the adult

Answer 11

Spleen

Question 12

Spleen consists of

Answer 12

Consist of Red pulp and White pulp

Red pulp
- contains more than half of spleen volume

White pulp
- 20% of total volume of spleen
- has antibodies
- PALS marginal zone,Primary ollicle

Question 13

Central collecting points for lymph fluid from adjacent tissues.

Answer 13

Lymph node

Question 14

filtrate of the blood and arises from the passage of
water and low-molecular-weight solutes out of blood vessel walls
and into the interstitial spaces between cells.

Answer 14

Lymph fluid

Question 15

Numerous near joints and where the arms and legs join the
body.

Answer 15

Lymph node

Question 16

Parts of node tssue

Answer 16

Node tissue:
◦ Cortex – Outer portion
- contains macrophages and aggregations of B cells.
- specialized cells: follicular dendritic cells
◦ Paracortex – Region between follicles and medulla
◦ Medulla – Inner portion

Question 17

Found in the mucous membrane lining of the oral and pharyngeal
cavities

Answer 17

Tonsils

Question 18

H High concentration of Lymphocytes

Answer 18

Appendix

Question 19

malt

Answer 19

Found in the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urogenital tracts
◦ Specialized type of MALT : PEYER’S PATCHES IN THE INTESTINES

Question 20

◦ Epidermis contains a number of intraepidermal lymphocytes

Answer 20

CUTANEOUS-ASSOCIATED LYMPHOID TISSUE
(CALT)

Question 21

Proteins that appear on cell surfaces can be
used as markers to differentiate T cells and B
cells.

Answer 21

Surface marker

Question 22

Panels of antibodies from different
laboratories were used for analysis, and antibodies reacting similarly with standard cell lines were said to define. As each antigen,, was found, it was assigned a number

Answer 22

clusters of
differentiation (CD)

Question 23

CD2, CD3

Answer 23

Lymphoid, pan t cell

Question 24

Helper/inducer T cells

Answer 24

CD4

Question 25

Suppressor/cytotoxic T cells

Answer 25

CD8

Question 26

Pan myeloid

Answer 26

CD13

Question 27

CD11c, CD14

Answer 27

Monocytes

Question 28

CD19, CD20

Answer 28

Lymphoid, pan B cells

Question 29

CD33

Answer 29

Pan myeloid cells

Question 30

CD34

Answer 30

Stem cell marker (lymphoid and myeloid precursor)

Question 31

CD16, CD56

Answer 31

NK cells

Question 32

CD10

Answer 32

CALLA (Common Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Antigens)

Question 33

Cd3

Answer 33

TCR (T CELL RECEPTOR)

Question 34

T cell development

Answer 34

Double-negative thymocytes  Double-positive thymocytes  Negative selection  Mature T cell  Activated T cell  Sensitized T cell

Question 35

Type of t cells

Answer 35

Types of T cells 1) helper T cells (CD4) 2) cytotoxic T cells (CD8) 3) suppressor T cells 4) memory T cells

Question 36

B cell development

Answer 36

B cell development • Pro-B cell • Pre-B cell • Immature B cell • Mature B cell • Activated B cell • Plasma cell

Question 37

A small percentage of lymphocytes do not express the markers of either T cells or B cells.

Answer 37

Nk cells

Question 38

These lymphocytes are generally larger than T cells and B cells at approximately 15 μm in diameter, and they contain kidney-shaped nuclei with condensed chromatin and prominent nucleoli.

Answer 38

Nk cells

Question 39

NK cells arise from the________ and differentiate into a ______

Answer 39

common lymphocyte precursor (CLP) T/NK cell that can become either a T cell or an NK cell

Question 40

, which is a receptor for the fragment crystallizable portion, or nonspecific end, of the immunoglobulin molecule IgG.

Answer 40

CD16

Question 41

Fate of Antigen after Penetration

Answer 41

A. Through the blood stream B. Through the Epidermal, Dermal or Subcutaneous Tissue C. Through the gastrointestinal or respiratory tract

Question 42

Laboratory Identification of Lymphocytes

Answer 42

 Cell flow cytometry  Fluorescence microscopy  Other methods: Rosette test

Question 43

– Involves the administration of vaccines to recipients.

Answer 43

ACTIVE IMMUNIZATON

Question 44

Bacterial vaccines contain intact bacteria

Answer 44

Vaccine

Question 45

– Prepared by killing cultured organisms with heat or chemicals but must preserve the immunogenecity of the preparation

Answer 45

Killed bacteria

Question 46

– Prepared by frequent subculture on artificial media.

Answer 46

Live attenuated bacterial vaccines

Question 47

– Prepared from capsule, pili or toxoids

Answer 47

Bacterial materials vaccine

Question 48

Prepared by repeated subculture in tissue culture or by serial passage in various hosts.

Answer 48

◦ Live attenuated viral vaccines –

Question 49

– Preparations are safer, but shorter immune state and require booster dose

Answer 49

Killed (Inactivated)

Question 50

Bacterial vs viral vaccine

Answer 50

Read table lol

Question 51

Involved in pasive immunization

Answer 51

PASSIVE IMMUNIZATION 1. Antitoxins – consist of toxin neutralizing antibodies that are specific for a given toxin: ◦ Commercial antiserum production ◦ Representative antitoxin 2. Gamma globulins 3. Specific Immune globulin

Question 52

Routes of administration

Answer 52

Routes of Administration  IM and SC injection – most common methods of administration  ID – intracutaneous injection is used for revaccination  Oral administration – for OPV  Intranasal administration – for influenza vaccination