Lymphoid structures

Question 1

Immune system 1º organs

Answer 1

1. Bone marrow: immune cell production, B cell maturation

2. Thymus: T cell maturation

Question 2

Immune system 2º organs

Answer 2

1. Spleen
2. Lymph nodes
3. Tonsils
4. Peyer patches
   They allow immune cells to interact with antigen

Question 3

Parts of a lymph node

Answer 3

1. Follicle
2. Medulla
3. Paracortex

Question 4

Functions of a lymph node

Answer 4

1. Non-specific filtration by macrophages
2. Storage of B and T cells
3. Immune response activation

Question 5

Site of B cell localization and proliferation in a lymph node

Answer 5

Follice in outer cortex

Question 6

Which follicles in lymph nodes have pale central germinal centers and are active?

Answer 6

2ary follicles

Question 7

Which follicles in lymph nodes are dense and dormant?

Answer 7

1ary follicles

Question 8

Parts of a lymph node medulla

Answer 8

1. Medullary cords: lymphocytes and plasma cells

2. Medullary sinuses: reticular cells and macrophages, communicate with efferent lymphatics

Question 9

Site of T cell localization and proliferation in a lymph node

Answer 9

Paracortex

Question 10

Part of a lymph node not well developed in patients with DiGeorge syndrome

Answer 10

Paracortex

Question 11

Part of a lymph node that enlarges in an extreme cellular immune response

Answer 11

Paracortex

Question 12

Part of a lymph node rich in endothelial venules through which T and B cells enter from blood

Answer 12

Paracortex

Question 13

Colon lymph drainage

Answer 13

Colon to splenic flexure: superior mesenteric

Colon from splenic flexure to upper rectum: inferior mesenteric

Question 14

Thoracic duct drains into

Answer 14

Junction of left subclavian and internal jugular veins

Question 15

Spleen is protected by ___ ribs

Answer 15

9-11

Question 16

Parts of spleen

Answer 16

Red pulp: sinusoids
White pulp: Follicle (B cells), PALS (T cells)
Marginal zone: APC

Question 17

PALS

Answer 17

Periarteriolar lymphatic sheat: where T cells are found in the spleen

Question 18

Sinusoids in red pulp have fenestrated _________ basement membrane

Answer 18

Barrel hoop

Question 19

Remove encapsulated bacteria in spleen

Answer 19

Macrophages

Question 20

Splenic disfunction leads to

Answer 20

less IgM, less complement activiatoin, less C3b opsonization: more susceptibility to encapsulated organisms

Question 21

Findings after a splenectomy

Answer 21

1. Howell Jolly bodies
2. Target cells
3. Thrombocytosis
4. Lymphocytosis

Question 22

Encapsulated organisms

Answer 22

Pneumoccocal
Hib
Meningoccocal

Question 23

Thymus is derived from the _____ pharyngeal pouch

Answer 23

Third

Question 24

Part of the thymus with immature T cells

Answer 24

Cortex

Question 25

Part of the thymus with mature T cells

Answer 25

Medulla

Question 26

Hassal corpuscles are found in the _______ of the thymus and they contain _______ cells

Answer 26

1. Medulla

2. Epithelial reticular

Question 27

Thymoma associates with

Answer 27

1. Myasthenia gravis (paraneoplasic?)

2. Superior vena cava syndrome

Question 28

DiGeorge syndrome findings

Answer 28

T syndrome:

1. Thymus hypoplasic
2. Third pharyngeal pouch differentiation failure
3. T cell low count
4. Tetania: hypoparathyroid hypocalcemia
5. Chromosome Twenty Two (22)